Essay on Biography of Julius Caesar - 2022 Words

Biography of Julius Caesar Julius Caesar was a strong leader for the Romans who changed the course of the history of the Greco - Roman world decisively and irreversibly. With his courage and strength he created a strong empire. What happened during his early political career? How did he become such a strong dictator of the Roman Empire? What events led up to the making of the first triumvirate? How did he rise over the other two in the triumvirate and why did he choose to take over? What happened during his reign as dictator of Rome? What events led up to the assassination of Caesar? What happened after he was killed? Caesar was a major part of the Roman Empire because of his strength and his strong war strategies. Julius Caesar was a†¦show more content†¦Pompey and Crassus were consuls in 70 BC and had rescinded the most offensively reactionary measures of Sulla’s legislation. During Pompey’s absence from 67 to 62 BC during his campaigns against the Mediterranean pirates, Mithridates, a nd Crassus, his jealous rival. Caesar married Ponpeia after Cornelia’s death and was appointed aedile in 65 BC As aedile, Caesar returned to Marius’ trophies to their former place of honor in the Capitol, thus laying claim to leadership of the populares. When Caesar was a praetor, he supported a tribune who wanted Pompey recalled to restore order in Rome. As a result, Caesar was suspended from office for a period and antagonized Catulus. Before leaving Rome to govern Further Spain for a year, Caesar divorced his wife Pompeia because of the allegation that she had been implicated in the offense of Publius Clodius. The latter was then awaiting trial for breaking into Caesar’s house the previous December disguised as a woman at the festival of the Bona Dea, which no man is allowed to attend. After his return from a successful year administrating Spain Caesar was elected consul for 59 BC through political alliance with Pompey and Crassus . This alliance was called t he first triumvirate. Caesar’s purpose was to gain a big military command. Pompey for his part sought the ratification of his Eastern settlement and land allotments for his discharged troops. Crassus sought a revision of the contract for collecting taxes in the province ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about Biography of Julius Caesar3508 Words   |  15 PagesBiography of Julius Caesar A baby was born on July 12 or 13 of 100 BC in Rome. Little did the proud parents of this baby know that he would rule most of the known world. This baby was born to the name of Gaius, his personal name, Julius was the name of his familys clan and the name of his family was Caesar meaning hairy. Caesar was such an amazing man that many people couldnt believe that he was born the same way as them. Over time stories have arisen about Caesars birth. One story says thatRead MoreEssay about Biography Of Julius Caesar826 Words   |  4 Pages Julius Caesar nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I came, I saw, I conquered. These are the words of the man who changed the history of the world. This paper will show how no other man in the history of the world represented military and political power better than Julius Caesar. He became a legend for his military exploits and great leadership ability. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Early Life of Julius Caesar was spent studying the history of power and wealth in early Rome. Julius Caesar wasRead MoreBiography Of Julius Caesar s Life1627 Words   |  7 Pagesalso had celebrity culture. One significant leader of this time period was a man named Gaius Julius Caesar, who became one of the most famous Romans of all time. Caesar’s life is full of cruel acts which is why he suffered an early assassination. Although Caesar was clearly intelligent and won many battles with his military tactics he led the Romans to commit numerous unpleasant deeds. Therefore, Caesar does not deserve all his fame because of his immortality, cruelty and lack of benefit to RomeRead MoreJulius Caesar : The Dictator Of Rome1011 Words   |  5 Pages Julius Caesar was born in Rome, Italy c. July 12, 100 BCE (â€Å"Julius Caesar  Biography†). Although many despised him, he was still able to reach his highest potential and became the dictator of Rome. This was not done easily, rather Julius went through many tough battles and overcame many difficult obstacles to reach his highest potential of a dictator. Through his dictatorship, Caesar changed the course of history to what we know it is today. Young Julius came from very humble beginnings. He wasRead MoreThe History of Rome: Julius Caesar Essay example749 Words   |  3 PagesJulius Caesar, a man born in around 12 to 13, 100 BC, was considered the start of a new legacy in the history of Rome. Participating in several wars, becoming dictator after forming multiple military alliances, to being assassinated on the Ides of March, Julius Caesar was a politically-flexible, popular leader of the Roman Empire. (Julius Caesar Biography, April 23, 2014) Although Caesar’s birth was never confirmed on the exact date, he was born and raised by his mother, Aurelia, and by his fatherRead MoreJulius Caesar: Conqueror, General, Builder, Dictator for Life755 Words   |  4 Pages Julius Caesar, an important figure in Roman history, lived during the end of the Roman Republic. His actions would shape the world around him forever. He was an important figure because he grew the Roman Empire, he brought about the end of the Roman Republic , and was able to grow his status within his lifetime and become dictator for life. Julius Caesar was born on July 12 , 100 BC and died on March 15, 44 BC. Caesar was born into a patrician family. This meant that they were noble andRead MoreShakespeare’s Julius Caesar Vs. Plutarch’s Julius Caesar1549 Words   |  7 Pageslike a colossusï ¿ ½(Julius Caesar 1.2.142-43). These words were spoken by Cassius, a character in Shakespeares play Julius Caesar. He is speaking about Julius Caesar and Caesars arrogance and overconfidence. This quote also shows how Shakespeare perceived Julius Caesar as a prominent and influential man of his time. However, this view is not shared by all of the biographers that chose to write about Julius Caesar. In fact a famous ancient writer named Plutarch depicted Julius Caesar as a power-hungryRead MoreAnalysis Of Gaius Suetonius TranquitusDe Vita Caesartus1510 Words   |  7 Pagesand also for his book ‘The Twelve Caesars’ which essentially changed the way in which history was written. For many, they believe that Suetonius’ ‘De Vita Caesarum established a new framework, an original genre of historical biography unseen before which consequently made a significant contribution to historical scholarship. This review will look in particular at the aspects of Suetonius’ style of writing seen in the first chapter, which focuses on Julius Caesar, and also how specific writing te chniquesRead MoreWhy was Cleopatra Famous?1282 Words   |  6 Pagesin Syria and situated Cleopatra began constructing an army. She knew that an army alone wouldn’t get her power back. Cleopatra would need some outside help too to get the job done. She needed a powerful ally and Julius Caesar was just that person. She reached out many times to seek Julius Caesar’s support. After many failed attempts at getting his support he finally came through and agreed to help Cleopatra restore her power. This was only after she allegedly snuck into his palace wrapped in a rugRead MoreEssay on Compare/Contrast Julius Caesar to Alexander the Great1013 Words   |  5 Pagesthe most brilliant and influential leaders were Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar. The turning points in history they were involved in were their individual conquests and their unfortunate deaths. Alexanders greatest victory was over the Persians; Caesars greatest victory was his defeat of Pompey. Their ac tions and beliefs had their influence on their society and society of today. Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar set the standard of what a leader should be. However, despite the two

Personal Statement Biomedical Informatics - 772 Words

PERSONAL STATEMENT My academic interest is geared towards pursuing a master degree in the field of biomedical informatics with a view to becoming a problem solver and a major contributor to new discoveries in the field. I would like to pursue a career in research, development and teaching of methodologies, processes and tools that improve the efficiency and effectiveness of information flow as well as usage in the healthcare setting. I would like the output of my work and research to have significant influence towards improving patient care outcomes whilst reducing information costs in the entire healthcare system. This keen interest in pursuing a master degree in biomedical informatics is borne out of a desire to acquire knowledge and from a number of experiences and encounters I had during the course of my upbringing, my medical training and practice as a doctor. They served as my earliest contact with health information issues as well as the major drive behind my interest in pursuing a master degree in biomedical informatics. As a young doctor on call in one of the leading hospital in Nigeria, I had a patient, an 8 year old girl that presented with breathing difficulty accompanied with wheeze. The picture fitted so well into an acute asthmatic attack and we began management along that line. There was an initial improvement but this improvement wasn t as expected and this made us probe further. The patient’s mother attested to the factShow MoreRelatedApplication For Successful Electronic Health Records947 Words   |  4 Pagesthe third topic is the economic aspects of evaluation as explained in the ‘Evaluation Methods in Biomedical Informatics’ textbook (Friedman Wyatt, 2005). Although this topic was not covered within the course and the practical assignments, it grabs my interest as it discusses a critical real-world issue. Topic 1: Processes and Workflow Modeling In the introduction section of each module, a statement emphasizing the importance of processes and workflow modeling knowledge for healthcare informaticiansRead MoreLifelong Personal Health Data And Application Software Via Virtual Machines2807 Words   |  12 PagesSummary of the academic paper â€Å"Lifelong personal health data and application software via virtual machines in the cloud† by Van Gorp, P Comuzzi, M The authors emphases their research on exploring and presenting a novel prototype system which would provide opportunities for patients to access their Personal Health Records (PHR) regardless of location and time and, also very importantly to share this information with relevant health practitioners and institution. They identify that â€Å"Cloud computingRead MorePublic Health Informatics And Its Results Essay5975 Words   |  24 Pageshealth informatics and its results. The field is not new, but there are novel ways that computer and information technologies are finding their way in the provision of public care. Most agencies tasked with this role of providing public care are continually utilizing electronics to make it give rise to desirable outcomes. This trend is not new, but its success if restricted by factors such as necessary legislation and integration of systems. Many areas of public care have established informatics to facilitateRead MoreAssessment Of Evidence Based Pr actice3281 Words   |  14 Pageshealthcare professionals (Hoffmann, Bennett, Del Mar, 2010). This scientific approach to healthcare is now known as evidence-based practice (Hoffmann, Bennett, Del Mar, 2010). In the past, healthcare practitioners made decisions for patients based on personal and professional experience, hearsay, and lack of scientific evidence (White, 2004). An evidence-based practice links the best available scientific evidence with clinical expertise (White, 2004). EBP proponents assert that while clinical expertiseRead More Organizational Analysis Essay3390 Words   |  14 Pagesthe organization. Vision statements are used to define the goals of an organization. The mission statement of an organization is a brief statement that explains the purpose that an organization exists. The organizational philosophy outlines the set of values and beliefs that controls the operations of an organization (Marquis, 2011). UMC’s vision is â€Å"to be nationally reco gnized for excellence in patient care, medical education, and biomedical research.† Their mission statement is â€Å"to serve through healingRead MoreCurrent Issue Of Healthcare Information System3726 Words   |  15 Pagesinformation system, the health care area has been underrepresented in important information system. Though, the interest is growing, as exposed by the propagation of health care ways in information system conferences, particular interest groupings, and statements of special concerns among leading content available on the data management sphere (White, 2014). Analysis of the Issue This fact cannot be denied that â€Å"Healthcare† impacts the excellence of human lives and how they perform within the communityRead MoreElectronic Media13295 Words   |  54 PagesThe use of electronic media to support scientific communication is one of the major shifts in the practice of science in this era. There are other shifts in the science system, such as the rise of global science, the increasing importance of the biomedical sciences, the plateauing of support for mega-science projects after the end of the Cold War. There are interdependencies in these shifts – since electronic communication media can often expedite special kinds of communications between scientistsRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 PagesDeming was a harsh critic of many American management practices. The Deming philosophy is an important framework for implementing quality and productivity improvement. This philosophy is summarized in his 14 points for management. We now give a brief statement and discussion of Deming’s 14 points: 1. Create a constancy of purpose focused on the improvement of products and services. Deming was very critical of the short-term thinking of American management, which tends to be driven by quarterly business

Fgjhdfh Free Essays

Rudyard Kipling Required literature: Brodey K. , Malgaretti F. Focus on English and American Literature. We will write a custom essay sample on Fgjhdfh or any similar topic only for you Order Now M. , 2003. Pp. 191-197. Supplementary literature: ?. ?. . . ?. , , 2007. . 230-243. 1. English short-story writer, novelist and poet Kipling was the first Englishman to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature (1907). l His most popular works include â€Å"The Jungle Book† (1894) and the â€Å"Just So Stories† (1902), both children classics though they have attracted adult audiences also. He tried his hand at many sorts of genres: he was a dialect poet, folklorist, adventure novelist, writer of books for children. His books are valuable source of information not only about the 19th century, but about men in general. Born in India in 1865, Kipling was sent to England at the age of six, there to undergo eleven years of formal Victorian education. He returned to India in 1882, and for the next seven years worked as a reporter soon turned to fiction writing. Speak about Kipling’s biography and its influence upon the creative works by the author. 2. Kipling never wrote by impulse – he had a doctrine and it sounds like â€Å"Art for Morality’s Sake†. He created the fantastic world of his own, very much rooted in reality. Speak about â€Å"Jungle Book† being a mixture of romanticism and realism. 3. Kipling became nationalist saying that English nation is the only that could bring the world to prosperity, to educate all people. But he does not speak about the English only but about the whole of mankind. And he shows some conditions under which a human being can become a man in his poem â€Å"If†. Prove that the author addresses the whole mankind in this poem. . One of his chief works – â€Å"Barrack-Room Ballad† – is a collection of poetry, about the experience of military service in India and other parts of the British Empire. It contains the most famous of Kipling’s dialect poems. There are two sections in this book. What do these two sections comprise? 5. â€Å"The Ballad of East and West† depicts the differences present between the east and west even though uniformity in human nature subsists around the world. In this ballad Kipling also displays his ability to create lifelike characters through â€Å"Kamal† and â€Å"The Colonel’s Son†. Through the use of imagery and witty verse he makes both of these fictional characters come alive. What is the most famous quotation from this ballad and why does it cause misinterpretation? 6. His novel â€Å"Kim† is generally regarded as his best novel. The story, set in India, depicts the adventures of an orphaned son of a sergeant in an Irish regiment. Kim is European, not an India, and he is not a Maugly because his system of values is a mixture of that of European and that of Indian, full of truth and superstitions. Judge the merits of the book. Speak about the philosophy of the book. How to cite Fgjhdfh, Essay examples

Whitney Houston free essay sample

Whitney Houston is an American recording artist and actress whose career thrived in the mid 80’s to the early 90’s. Her powerful and unique voice is one that can be recognized by many people of all ages. Whitney’s song writing and music inspired millions all around the world on a daily basis. In her prime, the world was taken by the amassed global sales of her four albums that exceeded 86 million copies. Whitney Houston, whose voice is one of the best in the past three decades, has had quite an admirable life, many accomplishments, and has impacted the world in many ways. In the early life of Whitney Houston it seemed she was destined to become a singer. Houston, who was born August 9th, 1963 in Newark New Jersey, grew up with many influential singers in her family. Her mother Cissy Houston, cousin Dionne Warwick and godmother Aretha Franklin were all legendary figures in American gospel and soul music, which gave Whitney a head start at a young age for a very successful career. We will write a custom essay sample on Whitney Houston or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even as a child, Whitney was able to astonish audiences with her distinctive and formidable voice. In an interview with Diane Sawyer, Houston had shared that a delighted response from her church audience had a powerful and inspiring response on her. When Houston was nineteen she was discovered in a night club and found her record label by Clive Davis, who signed her immediately and took the wheel of her career as she navigated from gospel singer to a global pop sensation. In 1985, she released her debut self-titled album â€Å"Whitney Houston† and almost immediately became a pop superstar. Over the course of the next year, her hit singles Saving All My Love for You and How Will I Know assisted the album to reach the top of the charts, where it stayed for fourteen non-consecutive weeks. Houston received her first Grammy for the song â€Å"Saving All My Love for You†, which opened the gates to her long and successful career. As she continued recording albums she only became more and more successful, winning six Grammy awards, eleven number one hits, and being named the â€Å"most awarded female singer of all time† according to Guinness World Records. In May 2003, Houston placed at number three on VH1s list of 50 Greatest Women of the Video Era, behind Madonna and JanetJackson. Throughout Whitney Houston’s three decade career she not only became a face of pop music and helped set the standards of music in general for our era, and she has left a great legacy and positive impact on the world. Houston not only became successful for herself, she also shared her success with people less fortunate by creating several foundations for children. With her passing, the music world has lost one of its most legendary stars. Her longtime supporter and mentor Clive Davis once said that Houston is in the great tradition of great, great singers, whether its Lena Horne or Ella Fitzgerald or Sarah Vaughn or Gladys Knight. Whitney Houston, who died February 11, 2012, was one of the most prevalent impacts on pop culture and continues to inspire and encourage people on a daily basis to follow their dreams, despite her passing last year. Houston’s music will last a lifetime and never be forgotten, and her voice will be admirable and distinguishable years after her death. So in conclusion, Whitney Houston is one of music’s biggest influences, and most successful artists of our time, whose voice is one of the best in the past three decades, has had quite an admirable life, many accomplishments, and has impacted the world in many ways.

The American Empires Public Affairs Strategy

Table of Contents Introduction United States and the Third World Commissioning of Polls Benefits of Commissioning Polls Effects of Commissioning Polls Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Recent literature shows that there is a close relationship between money and politics. This has some implications to both developed and developing democracies, meaning that finances affect democracy. In the developing world, many scholars have observed that money dominates politics because multinational corporations and powerful states have always influenced politicians to dance to their tune by offering them huge amounts of money during campaigns. Such politicians would in turn create policies that favor such multinational companies or agencies (Greenhouse 54).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The American Empire’s Public Affairs Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, some politicians obtain money from illegal trades such as human and drug trafficking. Even though money is required to fund any democratic process, this paper discloses how the United States agencies and multinational companies have taken this advantage to manipulate political processes in developing countries. American agencies are known to influence elections in various parts of the world, especially where the American government has some stakes. Sponsored politicians would afterwards pay the debts by extending some favors to Americans, which is usually deranged. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the key player during elections in many states. The agency has the responsibility of monitoring political events in countries it operates and reporting to the US state department for action. The agency further collects data pertaining to geo-political state affairs and evaluates necessary actions to be taken. Some parties in developing countries are usually funded while others are brand ed as traitors, especially those associated with socialist or communist ideas. The agency determines whom to fund, how much is to be issued and in which way should the same funds be utilized. Politicians and political parties in developing countries do not report to their supporters but to their financiers. Usually, funding is kept as a secret implying that it is never disclosed to the public. After elections, taxpayers are forced to pay dearly through engaging in unwarranted trade, consuming sub-standard goods and paying for debts that they did not create.Advertising Looking for term paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This article discusses the role of the USAID and the US state department in relation to elections in developing countries. The paper analyzes how Americans commission polls in countries they have interests. The article identifies that there are generally some things that Americans target, which compel them to participate in oversees elections actively. Such actions have profound consequences to the developing countries. This paper explores the effects that crop up due to external interference in elections. Voters in developing countries would not have genuine leaders because they are imposed on them by the world’s superpowers. Political interference is one of the reasons why the gap between the rich nations and poor will continue widening. The paper further clarifies that not all countries in the third world are under US surveillance. Americans are interested in the few states that matter. It is observed that economic interests, national security, ideological factors and diplomatic relations are some of the reasons that make Americans develop interests to influence political processes in other sovereign states. United States and the Third World The US government imports various commodities from the third world such as wheat flour, coarse grains and oilseeds (Cassen 65). These products are important because the US re-distribute them to the needy and to other countries that experience shortages. The products are frequently obtained at cheaper prices as opposed to sourcing them locally. Furthermore, American farmers benefit from good diplomatic ties between their government and foreign states. The farmers export their genetically modified products to the poor in the third world at exorbitant prices.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The American Empire’s Public Affairs Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such products are not allowed for consumption in the US economy. The third world acts as a dumping site for non-standard products. These farmers have their own mechanisms that ensure continuous exploitation of foreign markets. It is not surprising for the US state agencies to influence voting in developing countries. Non-responsive governments would reject Am erican farm products leading to heavy losses among American farmers. Such farmers would therefore lobby the government to ensure that only cooperative regimes are elected in developing countries (Cashel 42). On the other hand, insensitive governments in developing countries would be adamant to dispose farm products at low prices. American manufactures would undergo hardships because of increased costs of production. The government interferes with elections in developing countries to safeguard the interests of manufactures, who play an important role in sustaining the economy. The world is experiencing a shortage of natural energy. European states are competing with the American government for natural power, forcing the government to come up with strategies that would guarantee continuous supply. The US government strives to obtain sufficient supplies of energy at low prices. The costs of production would skyrocket if energy prices go up. The government therefore comes up with approa ches that would ensure steady supply of fuel. Statistics show that the US has not been utilizing energy in the most cost effective way since 1970s. This has been due to low prices of energy and abundant supplies. In the modern world, supplies have been affected by competition from other states. Many countries are developing meaning that energy is consumed in high rates. Recent developments and economic recession has forced the US to interfere with sovereignties of other states in order to secure oil and other sources of natural energies.Advertising Looking for term paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The US depends on OPEC countries for energy supplies implying that elections in OPEC countries matter so much to Americans. The US government has been forced to engage Mexico in talks because of its potential of supplying natural energy. It is true that elections in Mexico are influenced by American agencies and multinationals. Only leaders who can guarantee cooperation with Americans are allowed to contest. Furthermore, the US government is presently engaged in the Middle East conflict system mainly because of oil. It is established by the American agencies that conflicts between Arab states and Israel would interfere with American interests. The US government is keen about the type of leadership in the Middle East region. The GCC was formed to cater for the interests of Americans. Americans would condemn unresponsive leaders claiming that they are undemocratic. Gaddafi was ousted because he was unwilling to cooperate with Americans. Oil is therefore one of the reasons why American s would interfere with sovereignties of other states. Recently, the US government has been trying to strengthen ties with the Arab countries, by encouraging Palestine to demand for sovereignty. Americans argue that the UN Security Council should allow Palestine to gain full independence because it deserves. This would pacify states in the MENA region, which would in turn enhance cooperation with Americans. Through this, the US would have a chance of influencing electioneering processes. In the existing international system, the US is unable to influence leadership in the Arab world because of riches and economic stabilities. Things like democracy and human rights are not a priority in the Arab world because of their culture and region. The US cannot tie anything to democracy and governance in the Arab states, unlike in the developing countries where democracy is tied to foreign Aid. Prevalent poverty predisposes African and South American states to US influence (Bollen and Paxton 19 0). The US has recently established an alternative strategy that would give it entry to the Arab world. During the Cold War, many states in Africa and South America could not elect their leaders freely because the US ensured that candidates of their choice were declared winners (Gaddis 76). The CIA collaborated with American multinational corporations to install leaders who would allow American firms to conduct trade peacefully. For instance, in 1960s, leaders who suggested or proposed nationalization of foreign firms were assassinated or were forced to operate outside the state boundaries. Such dissidents could not be allowed to form government because Americans could lose terribly. In Kenya for example, the head of state was advised by American investors to adopt an economic plan that would guide the nation to victory. The economic strategies were contained in Session paper number ten, which Kenyatta (head of state) termed as Kenya’s economic bible. Americans were against t he opposition because it supported communism, which meant that the economy was to be handled centrally. The US government provided Kenyatta with all technical support he needed in order to trounce the opposition. In effect, Kenyatta banned the opposition party, referred to as KPU (Kenya’s People Union), and its leader Jaramogi Oginga Odinga jailed (Bevan 276). The opposition leader was detained mainly because he opposed American interests by supporting the East (USSR). Nevertheless, the US investments in developing countries are extensive, highly visible and significant to American taxpayers. The investments give the US raw materials, manufactured goods and revenue. For instance, 39% of the US cumulative FDI in 1976 was in the third world. In other words, out of $137 billion US wealth, $29 billion was in the third world. Available data shows that the amount kept on increasing from 1976 to early 2000s, before China and other major powers became powerful economically. Surprisin gly, 37% of all American investments originated from the third world in 1980. The US lending institutions benefited a lot from the American hegemonic powers in the international system in 1980s. It is therefore observed that foreign investments benefits Americans in many ways, such as elevating the excellence and magnitude of employment, promoting efficiency and giving investors access to needed raw materials. In real sense, the American public does not benefit instead it is some individuals in the American society, especially the rich. Leaders in the developing countries perceived to be pursuing contrary interests are frequently attacked by Americans during elections. This contradicts the American policy of laissez faire, which claims that the economy should be allowed to operate according to its own internal logics. Policies made by American government aim at advancing trade, enforcing balance of payment and ensuring adequate taxation. The US government came up with Hickenlooper a mendment, which suggested that the US government would cut diplomatic relations with foreign states that expropriated US property without timely and sufficient reparation. The government would further monitor the progress of leaders who advocated for nationalization or expropriation of American investments without compensation. Such leaders or political parties would be dealt with during elections. To strengthen American influence, the US government established a national body referred to as Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), whose role was to guarantee safety to American investors. The agency liaises with other American state organs to deliberate on the way forward during elections in each state. It can be observed in this section that Americans have various reasons that make them interfere with sovereignties of other states. Each state has its own interests and in case such wishes conflict with those of others, a state of war is inevitable. The existing international system compels a state to use all possible means to fulfill its interests. There is no central authority in the international system implying that the most powerful states will always have their way. The system is likened to the Hobbestian state of nature where life is anarchic and brutal. The most powerful acquires all the values and resources of society. In the same way, the most powerful states will always force the less developed ones to come into terms with their policies. The situation can only be rectified if states agree to surrender their sovereignty to one common central authority, which Hobbes referred to as Leviathan. The United Nations was created to rectify the mess but its role is so ineffective mainly because it lacks powers to enforce. Its existence depends on the good will of states, of which again the most powerful are given precedence. The UN is a toothless dog that depends on the US and other developed nations for funding and human resources (Brumberg 56). It ca nnot step up to rectify the mess caused by Americans in the international system. Americans will continue interfering with elections in some states mainly because of poverty. Politicians and political parties have no sources of funding, which makes them to seek American funding. The modern party system is characterized by expert campaign, which is costly and highly complicated. This gives Americans a chance to utilize their wealth in order to acquire more resources. Some scholars observe that candidate-centered parties in the developing countries are replacing the mass parties. This implies that leaders and their political parties are no longer interested in formulating policies but are more focused on power. Their major aim is to access governmental power and authority. Once in power, they attempt to fulfill their selfish interests by establishing links with foreigners, who are mainly Americans. Americans on their part will always ensure that such leaders remain in power by funding their campaigns during elections. Parties in developing countries are poorly structured, which gives Americans easy access to exploit the economy. Parties depend on the opinion of leaders meaning that there are no clearly laid down regulations and rules that guide them. Commissioning of Polls The executive branch of the US central government does not have a federal system that is charged with policy formulation for developing countries. The US government does not make laws for the developing countries relating to elections or any political processes. However, there are departments set up by the state to oversee political processes in developing countries. Such departments are usually in conflict because of contradictory interests. It naturally follows that policies aimed at regulating political processes in developing countries are fragmented. The department of state acts as a general supervisor by coordinating the activities of various agencies, including USAID. The state departme nt is not concerned about the interests of developing countries, although it claims to be apprehensive of leadership in the third world. The department maintains influence through mutual development, which is mainly in form of AID. Furthermore, the department has other interests that are mainly related to foreign policies. The US through its department of state influences the third world to implement policies that are favorable to American investors. Therefore, the state department has additional roles apart from economic development. The department is used as a political tool to fulfill short term, economic goals. American AID is tied to humanitarian issues such as freedom of press, respect of human rights, fair elections, appreciating interest groups, accountability, democracy, and good governance. Aid is given to states that respect the tenets of democracy meaning that elections must be free and fair. This gives Americans a good opportunity to manipulate the process of electing l eaders. Particular leaders are funded heavily by promoting their campaigns in famous Medias and bribing voters. The American department of treasury is also in charge of commissioning polls. The department approves assistance in form of AID to various cooperative states. Such assistance is usually tied to conditionality such as fairness in elections. Countries known to rig elections are erased from the list of those to be assisted. The department formulates policies that guide American global financial policies. The department is in charge of USAID, which is supposed to collect intelligence and advice the American investors on the geo-political climate of countries they operate. One of the AID program is the PL -480, which is only given to states that conduct peaceful elections. The department of defense is also involved in commissioning of polls in the third world. It supplies military weapons to states that are willing to cooperate with it. Furthermore, the department can intervene militarily to salvage the regime of desired leaders in the third world. A good example is the Vietnam case where the military department intervened militarily to reclaim the Southern part of Vietnam that was almost seized by Minh, who was a communist. The US government had rejected elections held democratically because a communist had emerged winner. The US government went ahead to support Southern rebels by supplying several weapons and offering technical assistance to militants. Minh’s regime wanted to flush out Americans and welcome Russians to Vietnam. Americans interpreted this as a betrayal and saw the need to intervene because American interests were at risk. While seeking to further their interests, Americans do not care whether lives are lost. The ‘My Lai massacre’ is one example that proves that American interests are more than anything else. The military killed innocent people only to achieve national interests. In the US, individuals can commission p olls in the developing countries. Dominant personalities can order state department to monitor elections and other important political processes in the third world. Depending on regimes, individuals have powers to use state machinery to achieve their interests abroad. During Nixon’s regime for example, the secretary of treasury (William Simon) opposed the idea that Americans would benefit from funding elections in the developing countries. The secretary arrived at this conclusion after conducting an extensive research, with the help of his subordinates. The secretary observed further that funding elections in the third world was contrary to the economic laws of America. The secretary of state (Henry Kissinger) and his undersecretary (Charles Robinson) supported the idea of funding elections in developing countries. They had strong reasons because they were scholars of international relations. They understood the importance of hegemonic powers in the international system. They observed that Americans would achieve desired results both economically and politically. Kissinger had a strong opinion that affected American foreign policy during his leadership at the state department. During Kissinger’s time, the US had a hawkish foreign policy, which led to many conflicts in the world. The US ensured that elections all over the world produced leaders of their choice. In some regions, elections resulted to wars because Americans funded losers to revolt against the democratically elected governments. This was a time when coups were everywhere, especially in Africa and Asia. American influence in elections led to emergence of military Juntas in South America (Sean 163). Either USSR or the US funded the Juntas. During these years, the international system was highly militarized leading to insecurity in the world. Many people lost their lives and property because of American interests. Kissinger’s foreign policies never allowed leaders in developing w orld to come up with strategies that would help their people. Capitalism was embraced the way it was, which could not help the poor. American government could have allowed leaders in the third world to adopt policies that would solve problems associated with poverty. Policy analysts observe that environmental consideration is important if a policy is to flourish. Nixon’s regime, with Kissinger as the state secretary forced many states to split while others chose to secede. North Korea parted ways with the South while Congo split into various provinces (Stueck 102). The problem of secession was caused by elections. Americans wanted some elements to dominate government because they could easily be influenced. This disillusioned many communities who decided to form their own governments, with the help of the UN. Power resources were not equitably distributed because of external influence. African scholars argue that the West, led by Americans, brought many problems to the contin ent (World Bank 88). Parties have never matured because they have never been given chances to restructure. In fact, single individuals control so many political parties in Africa. It is surprising because this is what Americans call democracy. The congress is also alleged to commission polls in the third world. In 1973, the congress instigated a reform program that would strengthen American foreign relations on human needs in developing countries (Sartorius and Vernon 320). It is observed that the congress has some powers bestowed to it by the constitution to make sure that American interests are achieved abroad. The Vietnam War changed the perception of congress meaning that the executive could not commit Americans to war without consulting the congress. The congress determines which countries, political parties and leaders to assist during elections in the third world. However, the congress relies on information from USAID and embassies. This is seen as an attempt to deter the exe cutive from pursuing contrary interests. The president cannot order American troops to intervene military to salvage his/her friends in foreign countries. The congress evaluates carefully what Americans could gain before endorsing any military action (Heng-fu Zou 313). The type of action is also assessed by the congress before it is implemented. The congress has proved to be a force to reckon with in determining foreign relations. At some point, the congress barred the executive from intervening military in El Salvador because Americans could get nothing. The sale of radar warning aircraft to the government of Saudi Arabia was also opposed by the congress. This was opposed because Saudi Arabia could use the technology to oppress its neighbors and dominate the region militarily. Commissioning of polls in the third world seems to be a matter of concern to various stakeholders in the American financial system. Interest groups are some of the many players that take part in electioneerin g processes in the third world. Trade unions are singled out as being in front line during elections in the third world. Unions have actually contributed too much to the stability and strength of the American society. It lobbies the government to assist developing countries during elections because of some reasons. Some of these reasons are self-interests while others are related to domestic economic conditions. In 1960s, the US was in full control of the world meaning that it had monopoly over world capital. Furthermore, the US was well to do economically because of high quality products and constant surpluses. The US enjoyed high technology that was not available to any other state. During these years, unions preferred to adopt the policy of free trade because no competitor could match their products. The problem started when other nations obtained high technology. American manufacturers could no longer enjoy monopolies forcing them to seek government help. The manufacturers can r equest the state to intervene militarily in order to force other states to consume their goods. Due to this reason, the state cannot allow developing nations to shift loyalties. The state ensures that citizens in developing countries use goods from the US. Without foreign markets, manufacturers could be forced to close down their businesses, which would cause various problems to the government, including evasion of tax. Furthermore, the state loses its economic power in the international system. Other interest groups such as religious organizations are also players in the US foreign relations. Such groups became active after the 1970s food crisis that rocked the world. They suggested that the US government and other developed countries must supply food to the needy in the developing countries. All the same, they also insist on accountability and clean elections. Some leaders have Islamic orientations while others are Christians. This is a major concern to religious groups. The power ful groups tend to sponsor candidates with socialist policies in the third world. Religious groups are much concerned about human rights meaning that political parties that respect human life are funded heavily in order to take over governmental powers and authority. Religious groups support socialist policies because they are aimed at supporting citizens economically. Finally, the issue of minority and ethnic groups emerges during elections in developing countries. One Senator concluded that ethnic groups play important roles in political processes both in the US and abroad. The senator termed this as secret weapon implying that such groups have political objectives abroad. The Jewish presence in America vs. American foreign policy in the Middle East serves as an example (Sayigh 20). Furthermore, the Greeks in America have been lobbying the government not to supply weapons to Turkey because of the Cyprus conflict. Ethnic communities have their own interests in their places of origi n implying that they would prefer certain leaders to others. Senior government officials would not allow the US to slap sanctions to their native states. Black Americans have prevented the US government from ousting certain leaders believed to be interfering with US interests in Africa. This implies that ethnicity and the issue of minority is a factor to reckon with during elections in the developing countries. The minorities have been reported to collect funds aimed at sponsoring some candidates in the developing countries (Turner 739). In conclusion, many stakeholders in the US can commission polls in developing countries. Overall, USAID is charged with the responsibility of feeding various stakeholders with relevant information. As earlier stated, the agency acts as a resource center in partnership with US embassies. Benefits of Commissioning Polls The Americans attempt to interfere with polls in the developing countries because of a number of reasons. Some benefits accrue becaus e of funding political parties and politicians in the developing countries. All stakeholders in the American public domain have one or two things that come their way because of funding parties in the third world. Manufacturers benefit from increased markets. Puppet leaders in the developing countries try to influence consumers to use American made products. Such leaders control imports by imposing heavy tariffs to goods originating from other states. This gives Americans a leeway to the economy. Furthermore, substandard goods are allowed to enter the market without scrutiny. Americans benefit because wider markets boost production in their country. Producers are guaranteed of ready markets, which in turn enhance employment. American foreign firms employ many American who could otherwise be jobless in their land. In this regard, commissioning of polls in the third world augments the standards of living of many Americans. Some products are not cheap to produce locally because of costs such as labor. America producers and manufacturers can easily import such goods from American controlled satellites. Raw materials are obtained at a relatively cheap price as compared to producing them locally. American elites benefit from commissioning polls because they invest in third world countries, which have cheap labor and unexploited markets. Such elites could face stiff competition at home. In most cases, goods produced are exported to the US where they are sold at high prices. This amounts to double profits, which encourage more investment. Employees are paid so cheaply in the third world. Governments in the developing countries cannot rise up to assist the poor because they are given some money or favors. Their relatives are given comfortable jobs, which silence them completely. In Kenya for example, the head of state (Daniel Moi) was supposed to nominate the deputy director of Delmonte Company, an American firm specializing in juice production. Workers could easily be separated whenever they attempted to fight for their rights. This means that American bourgeoisies use the state to advance their interests. This could not happen in their land because of the level of enlightenment and the nature of the constitution. The comprador-bourgeoisies are co-opted to come up with unfavorable labor laws. Commissioners of polls in the third world use state machinery such as the judiciary, police and labor ministries to mistreat workers. They cannot be questioned because they actually own the government. Furthermore, American firms operating in the third world can easily go against international labor laws without being questioned. Workers are never consulted whenever new techniques or technology is introduced in the company. Trade unions are the properties of the American elites. The poor are completely deprived of their independence because they are not given time to fulfill their societal roles. Workers in the third world are only left with time for carryin g out animal related activities such as eating, sleeping and procreating. In the real sense, this could not happen in the American society. In the developing countries, exploitation has reached unsurpassed levels whereby workers are alienated from their families. Workers produce goods they do not consume. Delmonte juice is extremely expensive meaning that no Kenyan laborer can afford. The American bourgeoisies use the white-collar employees to influence workers to be cooperative. Workers are threatened with retrenchments, sackings, punishment and demotions. These produce an effective laborer, which benefits American elites. Equally, the American government benefits from commissioning of polls. First, investments in the third world are repatriated to the American financial system. Rarely do investors utilize their money in the host state. A state under American domination is highly monitored in terms of production of weapons of mass destruction. Libya, Tunisia, Syria, Iraq and other Middle East states are under control of Americans. The states cannot engage in military strategies without informing the US. In fact, this is viewed as colonialism because everything is controlled by an external power. In the international system, a state stamps authority because of controlling political processes in various states. The US has a huge following in the world because leaders subscribe to their policies. This is helpful in the UN Security Council, especially during voting. American policies are approved immediately meaning that the state enjoys hegemonic powers. Trade cooperation between America and developing countries is unbalanced meaning that the US gains more than its satellites. Effects of Commissioning Polls The consequences of commissioning polls in the third world are both positive and negative. The negative ones outweigh the positive effects. To begin with, democracy is restored in the developing nations. During the Cold War, no leader was held accountable bec ause the US wanted their support. This led to emergency of personal rulers in Africa such as Id Amin of Uganda, Julius Nyerere of Tanzania and Gaddafi of Libya. Such leaders were brutal to citizens and could do anything to remain in power. They were leaders with low esteem. They were indifferent to the sufferings of people. Their governments were full of corrupt individuals (Alesina and Weder 97). In South America, military Juntas exercised terror on human beings. They could engage in drug trafficking without caring about the lives of the youth. A good example is FARC administration in Columbia, which was ruthless to citizens. The militia group took over government and instituted laws that would help it in distributing drugs liberally. Many farmers lost their wealth, including land. The state was ungovernable because militia groups were everywhere. With the help of the US and other developed nations, such military Juntas are no more and personal rulers in Africa cannot be found anyw here. American intervention can be said to be helpful because it has raised the level of awareness. Undemocratic leaders are being wiped out together with their political parties. During and after elections, no cases of tribal clashes are experienced because leaders are monitored by the US state agencies. During the Cold War era, elections were marred by post election violence, which caused the lives of many. Several people were rendered homeless due to tribal clashes. In Africa, elections were sources of conflicts because some states failed to recover from hangovers of elections. In the modern world, the US ensures that elections are conducted peacefully. Perpetrators of violence are carefully monitored. Some have been tried at the international criminal court at The Hague. Life is highly valued in the modern society and nothing should interfere with it, a part from natural disasters. Conversely, negative effects are more amazing because the US denies people a chance to elect leade rs freely. The electorate is influenced to vote for leaders favored by Americans. It could be more constructive if leaders are elected on merit. Influencing voters to vote for leaders is undemocratic. In fact, it is a violation of human rights. Proposed leaders are unresponsive to the sufferings of citizens. Furthermore, they can easily be compromised to betray the subjects. Once a leader acquires power illegally that is, through bribery, it is usually difficult to get him/her out. As some scholars have argued, power corrupts meaning that absolute power would corrupt absolutely. Furthermore, American interference in elections denies the electorate an opportunity to test leadership skills of politicians (Jha 310). Funding some parties over others facilitates hostilities that could easily lead to tribal clashes. This is because power is not adequately distributed. Money constrains chances of political contest. In extreme cases, it eliminates opposition. The ruling parties have an uppe r hand because they can access state machinery that may appease Americans to fund them. Funding one side leads to unequal access to power. This does not reflect the wishes of the majority because only sponsored candidates win elections. Bribing voters pervades politics and demoralizes the rule of law. Americans cannot argue to be promoting the rule of law yet they contribute in diving people. The rich become richer while the poor continue languishing in poverty. Citizens suffer more because financed leaders are only responsible to their financiers not the ruled. It should be noted that leaders in developing countries formulate a strong relationship with their American bosses to an extent of neglecting their own people. Whenever a controversy stems up, the views of the financiers are given priority. This leads to poor governance. Conclusion It is true that Americans interfere in political processes in the third world mainly because of their selfish interests. This is contrary to the popular belief that Americans intervene militarily in troubled regions to save human life. They frequently target some regions that are perceived to have natural resources such as oil. The US state department is in charge of America’s foreign policy. Its major aim is to further the interests of Americans. USAID is a state agency charged with the responsibility of reporting progress in developing countries. Economic reasons are the main cause of military intervention. Therefore, the US commissions polls mainly to assist its manufacturers to access markets. Furthermore, manufacturers are the first beneficiaries of American action in the third world. They have an opportunity of accessing wider markets without competition. Production costs are lower in developing countries hence manufacturers can maximize profits. There are both negative and positive effects of commissioning polls in developing countries. Generally, the USAID has done much to reduce human sufferings resulting fro m political causes. Works Cited Alesina, Alberto and Weder, Beatrice. â€Å"Do Corrupt Governments Receive Less Foreign Aid?† American Economic Review, 92.4, 2002. Bevan, Collier. â€Å"Anatomy of temporary trade shocks: The Kenya coffee boom of 1976–9†. Journal of African Economies, 1.2, 1993, 271– 305. Bollen, Kenneth and Paxton, Pamela. â€Å"Assessing international evaluations: An example from USAID’s Democracy and Governance Programs†. American Journal of Evaluation, 26.2, 2005, 189–203. Brumberg, Daniel. â€Å"Democratization in the Arab World? The Trap of Liberalized Autocracy†. Journal of Democracy, 13.1, 2002, 56. Cashel, Cardo. â€Å"The public sector impact of internal resource transfers†. Journal of Development Economics, 32.17, 2005, 42. Cassen, Robert. Rich country interests and Third World development. New York: Taylor Francis, 1982. Gaddis, John. We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Greenhouse, Steven. â€Å"Helms Seeks to Merge Foreign Policy Agencies†. The New York Times, March 16, 1995. Heng-fu Zou. â€Å"The composition of Public expenditure and economic growth†. Journal of Monetary Economics, 37.2, 1996, 313-344. Jha, Shikha. â€Å"Fiscal effects of foreign aid in federal system of governance: The case of India†. Journal of Public Economics, 77.1, 2000, 307–330. Sartorius, Rolf and Vernon, Ruttan. â€Å"The Source of the Basic Human Needs Mandate†. The Journal of Developing Areas, 23.1, 1989, 331-362. Sayigh, Yezid. â€Å"Inducing a Failed State in Palestine†. Survival, 49.3, 2007, 7–39. Sean, Yom. â€Å"Jordan: Ten More Years of Autocracy†. Journal of Democracy, 20.1, 2009, 163. Stueck, William. The Korean War in World History. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004. Turner, Mandy. â€Å"Building Democracy in Palestine: Liberal Peace Theory and the Election of Hamasâ € . Democratization, 13.5, 2006, 739–755. World Bank. Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn’t, and Why? New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. . This term paper on The American Empire’s Public Affairs Strategy was written and submitted by user Man-Thing to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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The external factors that contributed in the downfall of â€Å"Sam the record man’ can be viewed as: Political forces: Given the fact that we evoluate in a mixed economy, meaning that the government does play a key role in how business operate, I believe that some sort of regulations against music downloading on the internet should have been in place that could have protected records stores. Economic/Global forces: Knowing that our economy is very much tied a to the us, it would be only fair to assume that the repercussions of September 11th are felt in canada.analysis shows that there is a decline in the spending habits of consumer, they tend to think more long term. Also we need to keep in mind that foreign owned business being large buyers might be able to give a better sale price on the same good.competiton is what make our economy thrive and what enable us consumer to most of the time the better deal. Technological forces: The fast growing business that is the internet has enabled users to get access to a lot of information and services such as napster (downloadable music site), that provides free music.given the fact that most people that buys the records are young and don’t have a lot of financial ressources.given the choice between paying or not, they would choose the later. Competitive forces: We live in an economy that favors competition, so a strong organizations and marketing plans within the company are essential along with a product that is competitive quality and price wise.sam lacked all of those and faced with some of the larger corporation hey did not stand a chance especially the way their internal business was run. Societal forces: Because of the culture that we live in American music is the one that is popular. Unfortunately for sam the Canadian music industry is not as well know as the American one, so by supporting Canadian artist which was honorable he failed to see fill consumer prefer... Free Essays on Esternal Factors Free Essays on Esternal Factors The external factors that contributed in the downfall of â€Å"Sam the record man’ can be viewed as: Political forces: Given the fact that we evoluate in a mixed economy, meaning that the government does play a key role in how business operate, I believe that some sort of regulations against music downloading on the internet should have been in place that could have protected records stores. Economic/Global forces: Knowing that our economy is very much tied a to the us, it would be only fair to assume that the repercussions of September 11th are felt in canada.analysis shows that there is a decline in the spending habits of consumer, they tend to think more long term. Also we need to keep in mind that foreign owned business being large buyers might be able to give a better sale price on the same good.competiton is what make our economy thrive and what enable us consumer to most of the time the better deal. Technological forces: The fast growing business that is the internet has enabled users to get access to a lot of information and services such as napster (downloadable music site), that provides free music.given the fact that most people that buys the records are young and don’t have a lot of financial ressources.given the choice between paying or not, they would choose the later. Competitive forces: We live in an economy that favors competition, so a strong organizations and marketing plans within the company are essential along with a product that is competitive quality and price wise.sam lacked all of those and faced with some of the larger corporation hey did not stand a chance especially the way their internal business was run. Societal forces: Because of the culture that we live in American music is the one that is popular. Unfortunately for sam the Canadian music industry is not as well know as the American one, so by supporting Canadian artist which was honorable he failed to see fill consumer prefer...

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Film Studies Essays Goodfellas Critical analysis of American crime film Goodfellas. Focusing on the attitudes towards criminality and law suggested in this film. American cinema seems to have always had a preoccupation with crime and criminals, which is a testament not just to the proliferation of the crime genre, but to the quality of its luminaries.   Of course it helps that James Cagney and the gangster flicks of the thirties and forties were drawing in crowds at the same time as one of America’s greatest crime writers, Raymond Chandler, was creating private eye masterpieces such as The Big Sleep, and adapting other works such as Double Indemnity (Billy Wilder, 1944) for the screen.   One of the largest audience drawing genre types of the forties behind melodrama and musical, it’s not hard to see how Bogart Bacall, Chandler, Wilder, Cagney, Spillane and Aldrich could go on to influence both mainstream an alternative cinema for over half a century. 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So we can see that cinema has had an active preoccupation with criminality for the best part of seventy years.   Whilst film noir and the gangster films of the thirties tend to focus on the structure of good versus bad and the devolution of the good, Tarantino’s earlier works fuse together conventional cinematic notions of crime and criminality with the comic-realistic spanner-in-the-works of occupational mishaps (e.g. killing of a victim and the ensuing difficulty in covering up the mess, or a consideration of how long it actually takes an abdominal gun-shot wound to kill a man).   In this essay I shall be considering how Martin Scorsese’s Goodfellas (1990) presents ideas of crime and its relation to violence. One of the few Scorsese films post-Raging Bull (1980) to receive much critical acclaim (along with most recent outing The Aviator, 2004), Goodfellas maintains the ambivalent attitude toward violence that we can also see in Raging Bull and Taxi Driver (1976), although it is a far less visually brutal film.   Instead the brutality comes through the constant underlying pressure of impending violence, which exists throughout like a drum track pounding out the rhythm in every scene.   Similar also to these two other films, and to Mean Streets, there is a tension that exists is his work between the repellent nature of his characters’ violent outbursts, and our sympathy with, for instance, Travis’ loneliness and isolation, Jake’s feelings of betrayal and the cultural limitations laid upon his masculinity, or Henry’s drive for success and his relative restraint compared to his associates.   Steve Neale and Murray Smith state that: â€Å"This ambivalent attitude to its protagonist is what makes Taxi Driver a great film. It is a film fuelled by the tension of sympathising with Travis’ loneliness while being repelled by his violent, anti-social behaviour. This is echoed in the tension between the reality of the street scenes and the lavish and seductive cinematography (by Michael Chapman) and music (by Bernard Herrmann).† There is a similar relationship between the visual and aural aesthetics in Goodfellas and the constant simmering presence of violence.   Far more than these previous dealings with violence, crime and masculinity, Goodfellas is a visually pleasing film, all bright colours and smooth camera work, and even the scenes of violence are not nearly as vividly potent as Travis’ shoot-out in the finale to Taxi Driver.   Whereas in Mean Streets the aural gleefulness of the soul soundtrack was tempered and contrasted by the verite starkness and of its imagery (the proliferation of hand-held camera work, the red-light tainted nightclub scene, the natural light in Harvey Keitel’s apartment), in Goodfellas the up-tempo soundtrack is accompanied by a camera which prowls smoothly on cranes and dollies, and lighting which brings out the colours of his characters’ expensive and brash clothing and houses.   More than his earlier works, the aesthetic of Goodfellas is typically cinematic – there is none of the gritty, subversive, nouveau vague inspired imagery. The relevance of this is in Scorsese’s sympathetic response to Henry’s preoccupation with the trappings of power and prestige that his violent ways have afforded him.   Even at the climax of the film, when Henry is released into the safe anonymity of the witness protection programme, and surrounded by suburban comfort, he can’t help but miss the privileges and excitement of ‘the life’.   When Henry asks Karen to hide his gun for him, having witnessed him viciously beat a young man who came on too strong, she was not repelled by his violent masculinity, but admits that â€Å"it turned me on†.   In a film of such explosive violence and derogatory machismo, perhaps the most shocking violent outburst comes in the first act when the young Henry is struck by his father for skipping school.   What is most shocking is the casual manner in which Henry as narrator recalls this domestic abuse – he recalls he had to â€Å"take a few beatin gs†, but in the long run he stills feels it was well worth it.   Henry, like Karen, is intoxicated by the power, money and lavish material gains that ‘the life’ can afford him and his family.   The constant presence of violence made erratic by ego, and the need to carry out vile deeds such as burying a foul smelling corpse, or to go through violent domestic abuse, are merely the downsides of the job – like back pain to a construction worker, or knee damage to a sportsman, and it is this tension, this acceptance of violence as an everyday occurrence, which Scorsese explores.   Like Henry, who is more sensitive than Tommy and Jimmy, the audience experience the pleasurable excesses and comforts alongside the brutal and repellent nature of the work, and neither is solely celebrated or derided in isolation.   Neale and Smith state: â€Å"Scorsese [does not want] to completely distance himself from Travis in order to make an explicitly polemical film against vigilantism and everything else unpleasant about the character. This is the type of film perhaps Robert Altman or Stanley Kubrick would have made. But Scorsese rarely wants this kind of distance from his characters, and his films contain a dynamism few others achieve because of this.† The film is famous for the manner in which its violence explodes out of seemingly innocuous situations, and we can see this reflected in the way Tommy lashes out at the poor young waiter who can’t keep a tight enough hold on his mouth, shooting him in the foot and then later killing him.   In this instance, it is the unavoidable flaws in the characteristics of these men that escalate into bloody violence, and this is a theme which is continued throughout – more often that not, it is the characters inability to avoid their own greed or their own machismo which leads to their downfall.   The young waiter thinks Tommy is too big for his boots, and can’t help but keep adding a little smart line under his breath, even though he knows he is pushing it with a dangerous man.   In the same way as Tommy, he refuses to let someone steal whatever level of dominance and respect he may have, however little, even if it increases the threat of injury, or even death.   Li kewise Tommy’s downfall comes in his inability to get comfortable in his station, to tone down his tough-little-guy, bull-in-a-china-shop persona, until he finally realises his mistake with a quiet â€Å"Oh no† as he heads off not to become a made-man, but to be shot in the head.   It is this terminal ambition, this tendency to always want more – more power, more money, more cocaine, more respect – which instigates the violence.   So then we can see not just in Goodfellas but throughout Scorsese’s work, there exists tempered a consideration of the repellent nature of violent crime tangled up in a close study of character, and the forces that drive these criminals to their acts of criminality.   For all its set pieces and murders, the most memorable aspect of Goodfellas is the way in which the flaws in these characters personalities and the overtly masculine posturing nature of their world always instigate and escalate the violence, and ultimately bring about their own downfall – Tommy’s slaying of a made man is brought on by the man’s big mouth and his desire to have the last word, as well as Tommy’s indignation at someone trying to confirm his seniority over him.   Like many of the scenes in the film, it starts off banal and escalates through both characters’ inability to calm the situation until one of them is dead.   At the heart of this is Tommy’s diss atisfaction with his status – he has some respect, but he wants more.   Likewise Jimmy has some power and a big share of their Lufthansa cash, but he wants more.   Henry and Karen want more cocaine, more time, a more casual lifestyle.   Scorsese seems to be suggesting that crime does pay, just not enough. BIBLIOGRAPHY: John Belton, American Cinema/American Culture, McGraw/Hill, 1994 John Belton, Movies and Mass Culture, Athlone Press, 1996 Steven Cohan and Ina Rae Hark, Screening The Male, Routledge, 1993 Steve Neale and Murray Smith, Contemporary Hollywood Cinema, Routledge, 1998 Robert Warshow, The gangster as tragic hero in The Immediate Experience, Harvard Press, 1962 Robin Wood, Hollywood from Vietnam to Reagan, Columbia, 1986 Justin Wyatt, High Concept, University of Texas, 1994

Proctor versus Dimmesdale in Millers The Crucible :: Essay on The Crucible

Proctor vs Dimmesdale In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, the characters John Proctor and Arthur Dimmesdale are victims of the puritan ethics of Moderation and Unvarying Faith. These ethics are reflected in the way that they are forced to act like everyone else, resulting in a feeling of being trapped, as well as internal and physical torture, which led to their eventual demise. Hawthorne’s character Arthur Dimmesdale is the epitome of what a puritan should be. He is a minister—a man of God— yet despite his position, this perfect man has one dark secret: he is an adulterer and the father of an illegitimate child. This one sin is more than he can bear, for although he has many times repented, he feels he is not entirely forgiven. His sin is such that if it were to be found, his reputation would be torn apart. After many years of hiding his secret and being burdened by it he can no longer hold it inside. This is the reason he goes to the scaffold one night: in hopes to alleviate his guilt by â€Å"publicly† showing that he has committed a crime. His remorse is so deep and constant, that it has actually changed him. At nights he whips himself, hoping to gain salvation again, but in his mind he gains nothing. â€Å"Crime is for the iron-nerved, who have their choice their choice either to endure it, or, if it press too hard, to exert their fierce and savage strength for a good purpose, and fling it off at once! This feeble and most sensitive of spirits could do neither, yet continually did one thing or another which intertwined, in the same inextricable knot, the agony of heaven-defying guilt and vain repentance.† (Hawthorne, 134.) And although it seems his remorse cannot go deeper than it already is, Dimmesdale begins to realize how his parishioners must see him. He is supposed to be an honest man, but in hiding his sin, he begins to see himself as a hypocrite. â€Å"What can a ruined soul, like mine, effect towards the redemption of other souls?—or a polluted soul towards their purification? And as for the peoples reverence, would that it were turned to scorn and hatred!† (Hawthorne, 172.) Clearly Dimmesdale is worried about the reaction of the congregation if they were to discover his sin. This is a perfect example of Moderation, everyone has to act holy, without sins and mistakes, otherwise be condemned to the scaffold and public humiliation†¦or worse.

Exploitation in Nigeria

â€Å"Nigeria’s oil production reached 2. 1 million barrels per day in 2010. † Nigeria is currently the sixth largest crude oil producer and it is the top oil producer in Africa. Similar to Bougainville Island, Nigeria is being exploited by many western countries and their multinational corporations because of their rich natural resource. Oil wasn’t the first thing that was exploited in Nigeria; in 1471 Portuguese traders landed near the Niger Delta, the southern tip of Nigeria, and started trading with the local king. The Portuguese travellers traded â€Å"coral beads; textile imports from India; European-manufactured articles, including tools and weapons; and manillas (brass and bronze bracelets that were used as currency and also were melted down for objects d'art)† for slaves. Slavery was extremely abundant and the one the best source of income for many Nigerians. Back wealth was measure by the size of your estate and the number of slaves. Because of the large number of slaves going through the ports of Nigeria, namely Badagry, many slaves were bought by many wealthy local Nigerians. Many slaves were also sold to America in the transatlantic slave trade where slaves were captured in Africa and sent to America to work on plantations and as servants in return for manufactured goods from developed European countries. Western countries exploited many countries in Africa, including Nigeria, for the abundant supply of slaves. These slaves were extremely useful for slave labor and as servants because of the low cost and the inhumane living conditions they could put them in. For hundreds of years, the people of Africa, including Nigeria, were exploited for slaves. In 1938 the Nigerian government at that time granted Shell, a multinational oil company, a concession to explore and drill for oil in Nigeria. For almost two decades, Shell didn’t take any action in Nigeria but in 1938, Shell surveyed the area near the Niger Delta and eventually found lots of extremely rich and abundant crude oil deposits.

Youtube Videos as Nursing Study Tools

The biggest con would be that It goes Into a lot of unneeded Information when considering my audience Is nursing students. There is a lot of Information that nurses don't necessarily need to know. Imperativeness. (2014, January 3). Oxygenation of the Respiratory System for Nursing [Video file]. Retrieved from http://move. Youth. Com/watch? F92503sXnOLM The videos from this particular user are great for nursing students because this guy is a nursing student. Martin Rexes, the user who uploaded the video, apparently sakes these videos, speaking about what he learned in nursing school that day along with tips on studying.For the nursing student this is great and helpful for studying. They video is short, easy to understand, and summarizes the oxygenation lecture for a nursing school class. The cons are that It Is rather boring, It may be difficult to rely on Information on a subject from an Inexperienced nursing student, and while It summarizes oxygenation very well, it doesn't go into very much depth. Sinking, S. (2014, January 3). U School of Nursing Oxygenation Song [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www. Youth. Mom/watch? FzHatR96cBxw I have a soft spot for these videos that use a song for teaching purposes.We know that every student learns In different ways so by presenting a video using a song to help remember important parts of oxygenation or any other topic is great. They cover important parts about oxygenation with a catchy tune which can help students learn or remember these parts better. It's a fun video so it is a sort of way to take a break while still learning. The cons are that it is really a very poorly made video as far as production value goes. At times it is difficult to hear the song and it is, obviously, a I felt that the first video, from abracadabra, was the best video considering my audience.Yes, it is lengthy, but it is so thorough and tells the viewer everything that they need to know about oxygenation. I felt that the speaker in the vid eo did a great job with visuals as he discussed the information in a clear and concise way. Chapter 41 – Fluid and Electrolytes Youth videos Monoclinic, M. (2014, January 3). Fluid & Electrolyte Basics [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www. Youth. Com/watch? V=subdividing Without a doubt, Megan Monoclinic, the person that uploaded this video has done a antistatic Job here. The video is specifically geared to review the basics of fluid and electrolytes for nursing students.Liners, M. (2014, January 3). Electrolyte Magnesium (Hypo & Hyper) [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www. Youth. Com/watch? V=Japanned As far as content goes for this particular video it isn't the best choice because it only talks about a short topic pertaining to fluid and electrolytes. I chose this video though because of the creator of the video, Michael Liners. He creates videos for nursing students about everything that we need to know to be nurses. The pros are that Michael Liners clearly and easil y discusses topics that make it easy to understand, Mr..Liners specifically created these videos for nursing students, and it's a fun video, I thought that the use of humor and analogies were great. The cons are that, as I fluid and electrolytes. The production value of the video is pretty poor and it's difficult to hear the speaker at times. My favorite video was the near comprehensive one by Megan Monoclinic. The fact that is specifically made to help nursing students understand everything they can about fluid and electrolytes is reason enough to consider it the best of the three, but t is Just really well made and thorough in content.Youth videos as study tools I have found that Youth videos are great for study tools and knowledge generators. As nursing students there are so much material that we much digest and memorize at times. As I mentioned earlier, everyone learns in different styles and it seems that Youth has a video for people who have any of the many different learning styles. As supplemental material these Youth videos are best used. Most of the videos aren't meant to be used as a way to learn everything there is to know bout a certain topic, but to give a person a baseline on a topic of interest.I couldn't think of many cons to using Youth as a study tool. I believe that if something can help you than you should use it. If there is any argument against using Youth as a study tool it's that there isn't anyone to check information to see if it is correct. Anyone can upload a video about anything, spout nonsense and inaccurate information and no one would know. So, as supplemental material to what your teacher is telling you in class these videos can be beneficial, but not as a main source of knowledge.

Comma Before But

Comma Before But Comma Before But Comma Before But By Maeve Maddox This reader’s question illustrates the uncertainty felt by many writers about when to use a comma before the conjunction but: In the following sentence, the secondary clause isn’t truly independent; it lacks a subject, yet it conveys an almost-complete thought: â€Å"I left Susan a message last week but haven’t heard back from her yet.† My question is whether a comma precedes but even though a subject doesn’t follow but. Put another way, is the secondary clause’s implied subject, I ¸ sufficient to require a comma before the coordinating conjunction? There is no â€Å"implied† subject in the sentence â€Å"I left Susan a message last week but haven’t heard back from her yet.† The sentence’s stated subject is I. It’s the subject of both verbs, the one before and the one after the but. The answer, therefore, is that no comma is needed before the but. The rule for but is the same as that for the other six coordinating conjunctions: and, for, or, nor, so, and yet. If the conjunction precedes an independent (main) clause, use a comma: â€Å"Jack tried a new diet, but he still gained weight.† If the but is not followed by an independent clause, no comma is needed: â€Å"Jack tried a new diet but still gained weight.† If a writer finds himself hesitating over a sentence like the one in the example, the easiest way to settle the comma question is to supply another subject for the second verb: â€Å"I left Susan a message last week, but I haven’t heard back from her yet.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Dialogue Dos and Don'tsItalicizing Foreign WordsWhat the Heck are "Peeps"?

Business Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Planning - Essay Example The plan on Brian’s book barn should include young people on its managerial team. The two managers have experience and relevant training but cannot understand the current market perfectly. For example, there is a proposal that the major market for their books and magazines will be children and parents. The plan should also include services from the book barn. The current ones will not appeal to the modern teenager who is interested in modern phenomena. There should be reductions of books and magazines that have less fascinating topics to the contemporary person. There could be improvements if the plan on the book barn had fewer objectives. Fewer objectives for any business plan make businesses more practical because it proves that management can handle the fulfillment of the same objectives. The plan on the salon business could be effective if it were comprehensive in its mention of the capital of the entire business. The management should make research that is more intensive than the one it made on basics of salon business. The research will facilitate better knowledge of salon trends that is necessary for the preparation of a perfect business plan. The plan should also ensure that there is the evident reflection of most of its funding. This will facilitate the easy realization of any aspects that would compromise on the success of the entire salon business. Business plans present relevant summaries of their respective businesses. If people wish to establish businesses, they must hire professional to help them.

The effects of caffeine on sprint performance times in cyclists Literature review

The effects of caffeine on sprint performance times in cyclists - Literature review Example al., 2012). The caffeinated drinks are gaining importance among the sprinters and other sport persons depending on the notion that drinks containing caffeine leads to physical and mental development. Furthermore, the caffeinated drinks are even noted to be increasing strength and endurances among athletes, which actually develops the popularity among the sportspersons to use such drinks. Physiological effects of caffeine are noted to be creating a huge amount of influence on sports person (Zapata & Obispo, 2011). Moreover, many sports persons have even affirmed the fact that the use of caffeine is noted to be creating an influence on the overall development of the physical needs of the players. Additionally, this is creating an impact on their physiological development during the initial days of practice. During the early years of practices, the use of caffeine is creating a huge amount of influence on the overall performances of the players during the initial use of the product. Use of caffeinated supplements during the time of practices has been affecting the overall development of the players. Laboratory reports support the views that the use of the caffeinated supplements increases stamina and strength among the players and develops their capacity to perform better. Positive effect of caffeine is even noted to be enduring performances among sprinter and is often acting to be a positive support for their development (Lee & et. al., 2014). With the positive impact of the product in the lifestyle of the athletes, there has been a change in the quantified use of the same. The caffeinated products support the sprinters with alertness and wakefulness and the same is easily digestible, hence, its acceptance within the different field of sports and other programs are likely to increase. The alarming rate of increase in the use of caffeine with regard to energy drinks are noted to be creating an influence on the

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator - Essay Example Of course, every discipline does have an ethics or methodological code of conduct, and the point is not to criticize archaeologists. However, what the nature of their activity is as a 'type' depends on the context. In some contexts, the very same activity is grave robbing while in others, it is a respected science. Problems of identity or 'types', can be described as having a 'gray' area, and this is precisely why the question is being raised in the introduction. The problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is that there are too many cross-over to other 'types' and that the line between types is no clearer than it is for any other concept that involves some notion of 'identity'. The following will analyze the Introverted Intuitive Thinking Judging (INTJ) type and the 'mastermind' within the Keirsey scale, with an eye toward demonstrating some of the limitations. INTROVERTED: On the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the first attribute of the INTJ type is introverted. It is important t o stress that this is a specific form of introversion. This form might be described as an 'escaping to' rather than an 'escaping from'. Some introverts are that way because they are trying to get away from social interactions and for a variety of reasons or causes. The INTJ personality is introverted, but they are so as a matter of choice. Being introverted allows for conceptual or analytical activity to take place, and thus as a choice, for the INTJ, it can be described as just a â€Å"practical† decision [Personality Page, 2011, â€Å"INTJ†]. INTUITIVE: Like the introverted quality, the intuitive side of the INTJ and for the writer of the present analysis, is one that is not a strictly conventional definition. Intuition or the form of intuition for the INTJ can be said to be rational. As an individual who invests a lot of time in learning and investigating, the type of intuition that is accessible to the INTJ is also the outcome of conditioning through â€Å"reasonà ¢â‚¬  or â€Å"rationality† [Personality Page, 2011, â€Å"INTJ†]. That is, intuitions take the forms of finding a common thread through seemingly disparate elements, and having the insight at first which was conditioned by reasoning patterns of the past, and further, a type of intuition that can be factually verified. That is, the rational side of the INTJ will not allow an intuition into the conceptual scheme, without there being some practical or pragmatic reason to do so. And, the pragmatic or practical side of the intuition, is to verify or empirically test the intuition rather than just trust the instinctual or emotional side of the experience. THINKING: In the Myers-Briggs Personality Types, the opposite of â€Å"thinking† is â€Å"feeling† [Personality Page, 2011, â€Å"INTJ†]. As was described in the previous section on intuition, thinking or rationally analyzing phenomenon is a primary mode of operation for the INTJ. At this juncture, it is important that both the type and my own self-assessment maintain that thinking through a situation is much more important and indeed, valid, then just feeling about it. For instance, as a parent, this would mean that 'love' 'is not' all you need – that is, to invert a well known set of lyrics from the rock group, the Beatles. Rather, parenting would involve making decisions on what is most reasonable and practical, rather than what the emotion of love is dictating.