River Restoration – Soft Engineering The River Cole, Oxford

The River Cole frames some portion of the fringe between the districts, Oxfordshire and Wiltshire. It is a tributary of the River Thames and goes along with it close Lechlade. Numerous plants have modified the stream by fixing and contaminating it. A lot of its upper course has been worked over because of urbanization thus the specific area of the source is obscure. It likewise ?ows through National Trust land. The River Cole had become exceptionally dirtied and required reclamation. Reclamation is restoring a stream to its common state after arti?cial alteration.The waterway neededâ restoration so as to change the water course, improve the water quality and deal with the bank-side vegetation. In 1994, River Restoration Project was set up so as to show how contemporary reclamation procedures could help harmed biological systems flourish. The task was controlled by the RRP (River Restoration Project), the Environment Agency, English Nature, the National Trust, the Countryside Commiss ion and the EU. Utilizing the EU LIFE cash, three exhibit ventures were set up, assisting with reestablishing over a 2km stretch of the River.The venture was finished in 1996. So as to align the waterway bed back with the ?oodplain, the stream bed underneath Coleshill Bridge was raised. More rock rif?es (quick ?owing midstream edges) were presented, just as some little weirs (little hindrances permitting pools to frame behind them). Because of the redevelopment of the stream bed, it ran at a more significant level than a huge stretch of the waterway. Another wandering channel was sliced permitting the water to go at a similar tallness. Portions of the old waterway were kept and goes about as backwaters.During high this gives haven to ?sh, winged animals and bugs, adding to the developing biodiversity of the stream. The wanders additionally cause progressively normal ?ooding of the neighboring ?elds, making water knolls and expanding horticultural profitability. The antiquated course of the River Cole has had the option to be reproduced. This is expected to the ?oodwaters, brought about by wandering, reestablishing the ?ood glades along the western side of the Cole Mill. The Cole Mill is would have liked to be returned to intermittent activity by the RRP.However, the water levels in the stream ?owing close to the factory must be brought up in request for this to be conceivable. They intend to build up the River Leat (the feeder stream †the tributary that exhausts in to the River Cole) into a long lake. The arrangement for wet field and reed beds at the edges of the waterway will go with this turn of events. These will contribute in purifying the streams that have been contaminated by residue, compost and rewarded sewage. The reclamation has numerous bene?ts. It has permitted riverside life forms and wetland untamed life to flourish in the stream and on the ?oodplain, having a colossal impact in nature conservation.Fisheries now have a more noteworthy quant ities of ?sh of various species. Because of establishment of vegetation, there has been an expanded capture attempt of poisons. Dregs has additionally been normally choosing the ?oodplain and waterway bed. The reclamation additionally goes about as an ?ood safeguard. Due to the amplified ?oodplain and the backwaters made by the old waterway, extra ?ood capacity has been made. The rebuilding has additionally helped the fascination of recreational exercises close to the stream. The characteristic scene made by the reestablished waterway has gotten solid open support.Therefore, the River Restoration Project has been a triumph for the River Cole. This is on account of the reasonable natural bene?ts. Despite the fact that the progressions must be paid for, there are financial bene?ts to the rebuilding. The encompassing scene is currently observed as a substantially more wonderful condition thus individuals are bound to pay for recreational exercises to do with the waterway. The social be ne?ts are additionally clear. The cleaner waters of the stream are both tastefully and ethically satisfying to general society. This prompts more joyful local people as their waterway is being dealt with.

Ptcl Report

1. Presentation: Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is aâ mega corporationâ and a main media transmission expert in the State of Pakistan. The company gives and authorizes approaches to the telephonic administrations across the nation and is the spine for nation's media transmission foundation in spite of appearance of a handfuls other media transmission organizations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The partnership oversaw and works around ~2000 phone trades the nation over, giving the biggest fixed line network.Data and spine administrations, for example, GSM, CDMA, Broadband Internet, and IPTV, discount are an expanding some portion of its business. From the beginnings of Posts ; Telegraph Department in 1947 and foundation of Pakistan Telephone ; Telegraph Department in 1962, PTCL has been a significant player in media transmission in Pakistan. In spite of having built up a system of huge size, PTCL activities and arrangements have pulled i n standard analysis from other littler administrators and the common society of Pakistan.Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC) took over tasks and capacities from Pakistan Telephone and Telegraph Department under Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Act 1991. In 1995, Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Ordinance framed the reason for PTCL restraining infrastructure over fundamental communication in the nation. The arrangements of the Ordinance were loaned changelessness in October 1996 through Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Act.The same year, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited was shaped and recorded on every single stock trade of Pakistan PTCL propelled its versatile and information administrations auxiliaries in 2001 by the name of Ufone and PakNet individually. None of the brands made it to the top openings in the particular rivalries Lately, be that as it may, Ufone had expanded its piece of the pie in the cell segment. The PakNet brand has successfully disintegrated over the timeframe. Late DSL administrations propelled by PTCL mirror this by the presentation of another brand name and activity of the administration being straightforwardly managed by PTCL. . 1 Vision To be the main Information and Communication Technology Service Provider in the district by accomplishing consumer loyalty and boosting investors' value’. What's to come is unfurling around us. In times to come, we will be the connection that permits worldwide correspondence. We are endeavoring towards assembling the world for what's to come. By turning out to be accomplices in advancement, we are prepared to shape a future that offers telecom benefits that bring us closer. 1. 2 Mission To accomplish our central goal by having: An authoritative situation that cultivates demonstrable skill, inspiration and quality * A domain that is financially savvy and quality cognizant * Services that depend on the most ideal innovation * â€Å"Quality† an d â€Å"Time† cognizant client support * Sustained development in income and productivity 4. Administrations OF PTCL Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited not just Provides Conventional phone offices, it likewise offers optical fiber administrations to the private area. We will quickly talk about underneath the product offerings being offered by the PTCL.Basically PTCL separate their administrations into two sections. 1 Services for consumers2. Administrations for corporate clients 4. 1 Services for Consumers These administrations are essentially for the normal clients (Individual/home clients) those utilization phone in their home/work spot and they are fundamentally non business clients. a) New Telephone Connections: As referenced prior, PTCL is directly the main telecom organization, who gave fixed-line communication in the nation. So at whatever point, any Private business concern or any individual needs another phone association for arrangement of telephone utility. ) Value Added Services: CLI (Caller’s Line Identification) Caller Line Identification (CLI): Calling line Identification (CLI) permit clients to recognize the guest before getting the telephone recipient. To buy in to CLI administrations, client needs a phone set with show capacity or a CLI gadget appended to the telephone. Accordingly producing a record on I/N stage and any call produced using that phone will be charged to this record. The administration will give condition of workmanship innovative offices to the supporters. 5. Client CARE and CUSTOMER SERVICES DEPARTMENTPTCL has set up its Customer Services Department at various levels the review of the said office is as per the following. Corporate Customer Care Center Operation Region Level Customer Services Centers Tensile Level Toll Free Help Lines for Complaint & Enquiry now we quickly present the elements of these: Corporate Customer Care Centerâ to encourage Corporate Customer s PTCL has set up Corporate Customer Care Centers at all Operation Regional Head Quarter Level, in all the small urban areas countrywide. The Corporate Customers can get their issues settled under one rooftop in a one window condition by dialing UAN 111 20 2.The Customer Relation Officers register the grumblings and forward these to the related office. Client Services Centers to encourage purchasers PTCL has set up Customer Services Centers at all Tensile Level urban areas/workplaces. Here the customers can utilize Fax Facility, Voice Telephony for Local/NWD/ISD dialing. On divisional Offices Level copy telephone bills may likewise be gotten from C. S. C’s. Cost Free Help Lines PTCL offers cutting edge call focus system to its all sort of esteemed clients forâ convenient as often as possible posed Inquiries, Complaints in regards to their administrations, T/No enquiry.The following three Toll Free T/Numbers are accessible for this reason. a) 1236 (Service Activation) This cost free No is utilized to change the levy bundles of land line, WLL (V-fone),v PTCL telephone n net help actuation, and for Broad Band clients. The administration enactment is electronically requested and actuated inside 24 hours through concerned division) 1217 (Telephone Directory)This office is likewise Toll Free and is utilized to acquire the phone quantities of some particular endorsers (College, Govt. workplaces, Private workplaces and so forth. ).This is incorporated and is being utilized as Telephone Directory) 1218 (Land Line Complaints 6. Tasks and Assignments During Internship I was doled out to present the day by day showcase visit report to the specialist official in which I needed to discover the new costumers just as to record the grievances of the costumers with respect to the items they use or any recommendations were constantly invited. Additionally I was doled out to meet at any rate 15 possibilities and make them mindful about Products and administrations like BB, Evo, IPtv, D-SET, H-set, Pstn, and Tab For this exposure I was prepared for multi week to make right exposure about the association. . Suggestions: * Pakistan Telecommunication Company should Increase Publicity and Advertisement Activities. * Recruitment and determination openings ought to be expanded. * Free Seminars ought to be sorted out. * They ought concentrate on metropolitan urban communities as well as should take close regard for the country territories and unassuming communities. * They ought to improve their Costumer care administrations. * To expand their sell exercises they ought to make better systems. Ptcl Report 1. Presentation: Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is aâ mega corporationâ and a main media transmission expert in the State of Pakistan. The partnership gives and authorizes arrangements to the telephonic administrations across the nation and is the spine for nation's media transmission framework regardless of appearance of a handfuls other media transmission enterprises, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The enterprise oversaw and works around ~2000 phone trades the nation over, giving the biggest fixed line network.Data and spine administrations, for example, GSM, CDMA, Broadband Internet, and IPTV, discount are an expanding some portion of its business. From the beginnings of Posts ; Telegraph Department in 1947 and foundation of Pakistan Telephone ; Telegraph Department in 1962, PTCL has been a significant player in media transmission in Pakistan. In spite of having set up a system of huge size, PTCL activities and strategies have pulled i n customary analysis from other littler administrators and the common society of Pakistan.Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC) took over tasks and capacities from Pakistan Telephone and Telegraph Department under Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Act 1991. In 1995, Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Ordinance shaped the reason for PTCL syndication over fundamental communication in the nation. The arrangements of the Ordinance were loaned perpetual quality in October 1996 through Pakistan Telecommunication (Reorganization) Act.The same year, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited was shaped and recorded on every stock trade of Pakistan PTCL propelled its versatile and information administrations auxiliaries in 2001 by the name of Ufone and PakNet separately. None of the brands made it to the top openings in the individual rivalries Lately, be that as it may, Ufone had expanded its piece of the overall industry in the cell area. The PakNet brand has adequatel y disintegrated over the timeframe. Late DSL administrations propelled by PTCL mirror this by the presentation of another brand name and activity of the administration being straightforwardly administered by PTCL. . 1 Vision To be the main Information and Communication Technology Service Provider in the locale by accomplishing consumer loyalty and boosting investors' value’. What's to come is unfurling around us. In times to come, we will be the connection that permits worldwide correspondence. We are endeavoring towards preparing the world for what's to come. By turning out to be accomplices in development, we are prepared to shape a future that offers telecom benefits that bring us closer. 1. 2 Mission To accomplish our central goal by having: An authoritative situation that cultivates proficient

Ways to Cope With Stress When You Stop Smoking

Ways to Cope With Stress When You Stop Smoking Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit Print How to Deal With Stress While You Quit Smoking By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on August 05, 2016 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD Updated on October 24, 2019 James Braund/Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery What triggers the urge to smoke the most for you? Anger? Boredom? Fatigue? Joy? If youre like most people, you associate all of these feelings with smoking, but stress/anger probably stands out as your number one smoking trigger. When youre stressed, the urge to smoke can be intense. As a smoker, you might think that you need cigarettes to keep calm. But in fact, smoking creates more stress than it dispels. Learning how to cope with stress without a cigarette is difficult when you first quit smoking. But with a few tools and some practice, youll find its less challenging than you might have expected. Components of Recovering From Nicotine Addiction There are two main components of recovery from nicotine addiction: physical withdrawal from nicotine and healing the mind of the habits associated with smoking. Managing Nicotine Withdrawal Physically, your body reacts to withdrawal from nicotine as well as the thousands of chemicals present in the cigarette smoke you inhale. This phase of recovery creates stress of its own that you must be prepared to cope with. Having an awareness of how stress fits in as a byproduct of early recovery from nicotine addiction, as well as a few tools to deal with the discomforts, will help you manage it successfully. Tackling Mental Challenges On an emotional level, smoking cessation forces you to deal with the loss of cigarettes as a crutch you leaned on to manage your feelings. For many people, dealing with the mental challenges can be one of the most difficult aspects of smoking cessation. Managing Stress When Quitting Your Nicotine Addiction Use the 10 tips and strategies below to help you cope with stress when you quit smoking. Be patient with yourself and allow recovery to unfold for you as it will. Remember, release from nicotine addiction comes gradually, as you erase old associations and habits one by one, replacing them with new, healthier choices. In time, youll find that stress is more easily managed smoke-free than it ever was when you were smoking. What Should You Do Before You Stop Smoking? Dont Neglect Yourself Early cessation is a time when you should be taking extra care to make sure all of your needs are being met. Following these simple guidelines will help you weather nicotine withdrawal more comfortably: Eat a well-balanced diet. Your body needs good quality fuel now as it works to flush the toxins out of your system.Drink water. Water is a great quitting aid. It helps you detox more quickly and works well as a craving-buster. And by keeping yourself hydrated, youll feel better overall. Drink plenty of water throughout the day.Take a daily multivitamin. Give your body the boost that a good multivitamin provides for the duration of the withdrawal process. Cigarettes deplete so many nutrients, and vitamins may help you rebound more quickly from the nicotine withdrawal symptoms that you experience. Cut Out Caffeine When you quit smoking, the amount of coffee or caffeinated colas youre accustomed to might now make you jittery and anxious. Reduce caffeine intake, or cut it out completely for a while, especially if youre having trouble sleeping through the night. Chances are, once youre through the withdrawal process, youll be able to drink coffee again, though perhaps not in the same quantity as before quitting. Take a Warm Bath Enoying a bath is a great way to relax and de-stress. And yes, its good for the guys too. Light a few candles, use some scented bath salts, and submerge. Get a Massage Enlist your partner or another willing pair of hands to help work the stress out of your muscles. If you can get a full body massage, great, but even 10 or 15 minutes spent on your neck, shoulders, face, and scalp can work wonders. Our bodies tend to hold onto the tension we feel in our muscles, and a good massage is worth its weight in gold as a means to relieve stress. Put on Your Walking Shoes A short walk every dayâ€"even for 15 minutesâ€"will help you manage stress as you withdraw from nicotine. Walking reduces edginess and improves circulation. Exercise releases endorphins, the feel good hormone. So, when the urge to smoke strikes, head out for a walk around the block. Youll come back refreshed and relaxed. Get Enough Sleep The early days of smoking cessation are tiring. Your body is stressed and so is your mind. Allow more time for sleep if you need it and can manage it. Dont worry: The weariness youre feeling wont last forever. Your energy will return soon. Visualize Close your eyes and create a place in your mind that you can go to when you need to slow down and relax. It could be a real location or imaginary, but make it yours. Use the same place every time so it becomes familiar and comfortable. As you settle in, start to follow your breathing, and slow it down gradually. Breathe deeply in and out for 3 to 5 minutes. How to Use Visualization to Relax and Manage Stress Deep Breathing Deep breathing is a quick way to calm edgy nerves and reduce stress. Breathe in through your nose for a count of three and exhale through your mouth for a count of three. Repeat this for a few minutes, and the tension in your body will begin to fall away. Focus on Today We spend so much time thinking about everything but the day we have in front of us. Dont worry about tomorrow or forever. Dont get lost in feelings of fear about never being able to smoke again. Think instead about today and resolve to make the most of it. You have the ability to stay smoke-free just for today, dont you? Thats all you need to do. Baby steps! Dont let feelings of worry about tomorrow intimidate you today. Dont Take Yourself Too Seriously You will have bad days. Expect and accept that. Such is smoking cessation, and such is life. On those off days, resolve to put yourself on ignore. Sometimes the best thing we can do is to get out of our own way. Our minds can make small issues huge, and make a drama out of every little thing when our moods are out of whack. When youre having a bad day, think pamper. Be good to yourself; allow for a treat or two, and put your thoughts on hold. Tomorrow will find you feeling better and grateful to still be smoke-free. Stress is part of life, and learning how to manage it smoke-free is part of successful cessation. With time and practice, your smoke-free life will flow with ease. 10 Things to Stop Doing When You Quit Smoking

Tintern Abbey Free Essay Example, 1250 words

The body â€Å"sleeps† from its material concerns and the individual transforms to a â€Å"living soul† (47). When the eyes are â€Å"quiet, † the soul stirs enough to enable people to â€Å"see into the life of things† (Wordsworth 50). This â€Å"seeing† allows people to perceive beyond their life’s multitude of darkness and to recognize something deeper, something more meaningful, specifically when considering one’s miseries. The lightness of nature can help wash away life’s â€Å"sad perplexity† (Wordsworth 62), since â€Å"present pleasure† can produce â€Å"pleasing thoughts† (Wordsworth 65). These pleasing thoughts aim to restore balance to an otherwise heavy life. Memory also saves people, because it can calm people enough to face their inner struggles. The â€Å"beauteous forms† (Wordsworth 23) of nature kindles purity of the mind. In cities and towns, numerous distractions and material need s compel people to live each day in a rush. Under the shades of trees and in sight of green sceneries, the narrator feels â€Å"tranquil restoration† (Wordsworth 31). The narrator feels the serenity of the nature being transferred to his senses and then his mind. From his mind, the sense of peace travels to his soul. We will write a custom essay sample on Tintern Abbey or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

A Break Down On The Break - 1499 Words

A Break Down on the Break-In Mesquite High Schools pronounced football team practiced tirelessly one November day in 2015, working around the clock to ensure a spot in the state play-offs. Although the football team gave everything they had to offer for their school, Mesquite did not give their all back for their team. During the intense practice, two young men slipped in through the gym doors by simply bypassing the school s poor exterior locks. With one swift yank, they were able to pop open the locker room door, giving them access to all the players’ personal items and equipment. Once the players returned to the athletic facility, they came to discover that their bags and lockers had been picked clean. Thousands of dollars in cell†¦show more content†¦This lack of security is unacceptable. Replacing the current door handles with cup handles will lead to higher quality security and benefit all teachers, students, and faculty. Choosing to install these new handles wo uld ensure better safety in emergency situations and prevent future thefts for the school. Part Two: Current Efforts The school s main defenses consist of the doors and locks on campus. However if these doors and locks become damaged and cannot serve their full purpose, they contribute little safety efficiency to the school. The current locks placed on the exterior of the school are in poor working condition. A hard enough yank immediately pops the lock and allows access to the school. These handles and locks clearly create an issue for the school, because of the numerous break-ins where valuable equipment and personal goods were stolen. These thefts are not an uncommon occurrence. Mesquites football team lost personal phones and wallets, the choir department lost expensive sound equipment, orchestra lost priceless instruments, the schools supply of sterling silver was stolen from the metals room, and the electronics department lost tools and equipment (Jones et al). Not only can these robberies be costly for the school to replace, but liability can be far more concerning. 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Alternative Perspectives on Business Free Essays

I am not sure if the way I felt is common in the society. But I would imagine it would be because of the individualistic mindset that most people have. Even my friends resist help if they can manage it. We will write a custom essay sample on Alternative Perspectives on Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now The parents, the school and other social institutions are helping perpetuate this kind of self-sufficiency and self-reliance. This is perhaps a crucial part of being part of the society. Deep down, I may be afraid to admit that I need help. Perhaps other people feel the same way too. My self-worth is dependent, in part, on my ability to make decisions for myself and do things for myself. If that is taken away from me, then I would feel like I lost my worth. I wanted to air my annoyance to the manager, which I promptly did. I was not really surprised that I acted as such because I am used to acting based on what I think is my right. I also felt like asking the lady directly to desist from following me was a bit rude. So I had to talk to her manager instead. It is so much easier to talk to a superior than to a subordinate. If I talked to the lady, myself, I might have condescended and reprimanded her harshly. I did not want to make a scene so I just talked to the manager. My motives were that I wanted to be discreet while making sure that my experience at the store was not spoiled. I know that I acted in my best interest and also in the interest of the store. If they followed my advice and just let their customers choose what they want while standing there patiently waiting and congenially for anything the customer asks, the sales might be a little better and customers will be happier. I would not have liked to behave otherwise. That would mean just letting go of what I felt was an affront to my shopping experience. I do not like sitting still when I felt that things are not going according to my liking. I was conscious that I was a customer and therefore I deserved the best possible treatment in the store. The mall and the store is designed for the customer to have the best experience in shopping. From the arrangement of products and the colourful promotional items, the customer or shopper is made to feel as if he is at the centre of the mall’s universe. Anything that suggests otherwise would therefore be treated like it was an intrusion into the personal life of the shopper. Managers also are being seen as the keepers of the ranks in the sense that they have the power over their subordinates in helping them do their jobs properly. They can also reprimand employees who do not perform according to the pre-agreed standards of behaviour within the organization. As such, the manager is seen as the ally of the customers in making sure that their shopping experience is protected and ensured. Synthesis There are power relations in almost all social settings. Even in the seemingly business-centred environment of the mall and department stores, there are power relations between and among the owners of the store, the managers, the employees and the customers who visit the stores (Pred, 1996). While the customers have considerable power by virtue of the money that they will be using in purchasing products and services, the organisation also displays its power in dealing with the customers. The customers have the money and therefore they command the respect of the attendants and the managers in the store. This is also why the store is arranged in such a way that the customers’ shopping experience would be superb. Anything that could disrupt that is met with strict reprimand (Cuthbert, 2003). A store that cannot make a sale is close to being worthless and is on its way to bankruptcy. One thing I noted though is that there are more women on the stores than there are men. Quite probably, the men are working â€Å"behind the scenes† and are tasked with moving large boxes and other things that need to be moved every now and then. I could not rightly say that this is discrimination but perhaps, there is a preferred gender when it comes to choosing attendants in particular areas of the store. This also opens up a whole new dimension of power relations. The manager I encountered was a middle-aged male who had the look of authority on him (Harding, 2004). While I felt nothing more than a coincidence during the incidence, it now dawned on me that perhaps the power relations within the store are arranged that way so that it would be easier to subdue the attendants for anything that might have been seen or reported as inappropriate behaviour. In addition to this, the customer is, most of the time, given a big deal of power in dealing with the attendants at the store. There are customers who are treated like spoiled brats while there are difficult customers who insist on having their way even in violation of store policy. Stores and malls arrange their space or architecture to maximize the purchasing power of buyers. As such, the products and services are arranged in such a way that customers will be enticed to buy. In exchange of this, customers also exert their power over the attendants and employees of the store so that they get something extra out of the money they will shed out as payment. The attendants, employees and managers also act as safeguards of the interests of the store while at the same time encouraging the customers to buy and spend on the stores. This kind of power relations or network is always at work within the store. What seemed like a simple act of buying something at the mall is actually a complex pattern of relationships involving a number of factors. For example, managers tend to act as guards for the owners of the store as much as for the customers. Most of the time, it is the employees who are caught in the middle. With the concepts I learned in the course, I manage to identify these power relations much more clearly than if I was just using my common sense. Because of my cultural affiliation and the way I treat shopping as a commonplace affair, I have become inured to it. The concepts discussed in the course helped me become more critical and draw on various theories in explaining what seems like commonplace behaviour, not only in the malls but in different social settings and situations. Reference Cuthbert, AR (2003). Critical Readings in Urban Design. New York: Blackwell Publishing. Harding, SG (2004). The Feminist Standpoint Theory Reader: Intellectual and Political Controversies. London: Routledge. Pred A, (1996). â€Å"Interfusions: consumption, identity and the practices and power . relations of everyday life† Environment and Planning A 28(1) 11 – 24. How to cite Alternative Perspectives on Business, Papers

Padma Bridge Essay Example

Padma Bridge Essay BANGLADESH ECONOMOY IF PADMA BRIDGE NOT ESTABLISH INTRODUCTION: The Padma Bridge is a multipurpose road raile bridge across the Padma river to be constructed in Bangladesh. When completed it will be the largest bridge in Bangladesh and the first fixed river crossing for road traffic. It will connect Louhajang, Munshiganj to Shariatpur and Madaripur, linking the south-west of the country, to northern and eastern regions. The project covers three districts — Munshiganj (Mawa point/North bank), Shariatpur and Madaripur(Janjira/South bank). The total area of land to be acquired and required for its components is 918 hectares. The requisition of land for the construction yard will be for six years on a rental basis. As per the new design, an additional 144. 04 ha has been identified for acquisition, bringing the total to 1062. 14 hectares. This additional land is required because project site lost significant land due to erosion, for transition structures and due to a change in railway alignment. The two-level steel truss bridge will carry a four-lane highway on the upper level and a single track railway on a lower level. The project will include 6. 15Â  km long and 21. 10 m wide bridge,15. Â  km of approach roads, toll plazas and service areas. Literature Review:- It is a sad state of affairs when an entire nation has to suffer for the actions of just a few. The World Bank has claimed to have found credible evidence of a high-level corruption conspiracy among selected government officials involved in the Padma Bridge project. The cancellation of the $1. 2 billion credit for the Padma Bridge project will have an adverse effect on the Bangladesh economy for years to come. It will also make it difficult for the current government to begin what it thought would be one of its signature achievements. We will write a custom essay sample on Padma Bridge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Padma Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Padma Bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The government will look for alternative sources of funding for the Padma Bridge. Malayasia has shown some interest. However, the World Bank decision will surely affect the terms and conditions that any prospective donor would offer for funding the project. And it definitely would not go in our favour. Hypothesis:- if government of Bangladesh solve the problem about the corruption issue and find some other sources to build ta bridge and to help the busniess and economy of Bangladesh. Firstly we have to stop corruption and find out the sources who will help us to build Padma bridge. Objectives:- 1. Main objective: The main objective is to find out the main causes of establishing of padma bridge and find out a solution of a problem. 2. Spesefic objectives: a. find out the potential causes of padma bridge corruption b. find out a complete solution of this situation c. Business affects and benefits of the problem and solution. 2. Materials and Methods: Description: *materials: I want to complete my research with possible data and documents from every source I can go through Research Methodology: a. reason of not starting the project b. affects in business . who are responsible Statistical Approach: *business affect for not building padma bridge *what is the solutions to solve this problem 3. Timeframe:- I need approximately 15 days for this research. Because in 15 days I use 10 days for collecting the information and 5 days for analyze and complete the research. Working time : Every day 9:00am – 8:00pm (Except Friday Saturday). 4. Statement of Budget:- 1. | tranportation| 4000/| 2. | food| 3000/| 3. | Equipment| 3000/| TOTAL| | 10000BDT| 5. Reference:- The Daily star,13th january 2013 Wikipedia of padma bridge

imperialism in egypt essays

imperialism in egypt essays Nominally independent from the UK in 1922, Egypt acquired full sovereignty following WW II. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growingly population (the largest in the Arab world) will continue to stress Egyptian society and overtax resources as the country enters the new millennium. Location Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Gaza Strip Area comparative Slightly more than three times the size of New Mexico Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94% (official estimate), Coptic Christian and other 6% (official estimate) Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians, Bedouins, and Berbers) 99%, Greek, Nubian, Armenian, other European 1% Gross domestic product (total value of goods and services produced annually) $267.1 billion (1997 est.) Exports $5.1 billion, primarily crude oil and petroleum products, cotton yarn, raw cotton, textiles, metal products, Imports $15.5 billion, primarily machinery and equipment, foods, fertilizers, wood products, durable Egypt is probably the worlds oldest civilizations having emerged from the Nile Valley around 3,100 years ago, historically. Before ruled by the Egyptian Pharaohs, Egypt had five time eras: The Lower Paleolithic era, lasting from approximately 2 Million - 100000 BC; The Middle Paleolithic era, from 100000 - 30000 BC; The Upper Paleolithic era, from 30000 - 10000 BC; The Epipaleolithic era, from 10000 - 5500 BC; The Predynastic Period, from 5500 - 3100 BC. After this transition, the ruling of Egyptian Dynasties by Pharaohs began to rule the vast desserts of Egypt from 2920 BC to 332 BC. After Dynasties of Pharaohs, Egypt was under Greek rule and Alexandria obtained its name after its ruler, Alexander III. Sit...

7 Top Tips for Saving Money on SAT and ACT Prep

7 Top Tips for Saving Money on SAT and ACT Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Getting into college is a great feeling - but having to spend money on SAT/ACT test prep? Not so great. Let’s be honest: most people would rather put their ACT or SAT money toward something a little more exciting. But the good news is, you don’t need to spend all of your cash on test prep, as long as you know which resources to use and how to spend your money wisely.In this guide, we give you 12 tips and resources that are guaranteed to help you save money on test prep. How to Save Money on SAT/ACT Test Prep: 7 Key Tips First off, let's go over theseven key principles you should know in order to maximize the amount of money you save on SAT/ACT test prep. Tip 1: Get Serious About the Exam By studying diligently and maintaining a serious attitude toward test prep, you’ll save yourself money in the long run. Why? Becausethe fewer times you take the exam, the less money you’ll spend on registration fees (and, by extension, test-prep materials). Now, this doesn't mean you shouldn'ttake the SAT or ACT more than once(in fact, we recommend taking your chosen test at least twice!). But by approaching your test prep seriously and having a willingness to put in the necessary time and effort, you won't end up taking the ACT or SAT more times than you really need to. So make sure you set a goal score and are actively working toward it with a foolproof study plan. Do this, and you shouldn't need to take your test more than two or three times, max. Tip 2: Customize Your Test Prep Customizing your test prep allows you to focus on the most difficultcontent areas for you andspend money only on the resources you actually need.By tailoring your study sessions, you'll have less trouble tackling challenging concepts on test day and won't waste precious time reviewing topics you're already strong at. To pinpoint your weaknesses, take an official ACT or SAT practice test andtime yourself using the same restrictions on the actual exam. Once finished, calculate your section scores, as well as yoursubscores,to see which areas you'll need to review before test day. These are the content areas you'll want to consider spending your ACT or SAT money on. For example, if you’re a pro at reading comprehension but struggle with math, don't bother forking out hundreds of dollars for a general ACT class. Instead, narrow your prepso that you're opting primarily for math-heavy resources, such as an ACT math book or a tutor who specializes in ACT math. Tip 3: Decide on a Budget Ahead of Time A penny saved is a penny earned, which is why you should make a budget ahead of time and stick with it.This way you won't be tempted to spend more than you can afford on test prep. So for instance, if you're looking to spend upwards of $25 on SAT study materials, you could buy a comprehensive prep book, a couple of SAT apps, or even a short stint with an SAT tutor. What you purchase ultimately depends on the specific skills you want to strengthen (see Tip 2). Just remember that your budget is a maximum,not a minimum, so don't feel pressured to blow all of your SAT money on resources you're not certain you'll actually need. In fact, you may end up needing to spend only a tiny fraction of your budget to get the guidance you're looking for! Tip 4: Take Advantage of Free and Official Resources Both the College Board and ACT, Inc., offer loads offree and official resourcesyou can integrate into your studies. Because these materials come from the actual makers of the SAT and ACT, they are far and away your best bets for getting the content review and test-taking practice you need at the price you want. You can look for resources online at the official College Board and ACT websites. Most free SAT/ACT study materials are available as PDFs in the form of practice questions and full-length tests. We'll explain more about the types of official resources you can use in the following section. These books aren't just old - they're ancient! Tip 5: Opt for Used Over New High-quality prep books are usually worth the money. But to avoid overpaying, I strongly suggest opting for used over new.Used books are almost always cheaper and can still give you the same content and overall benefits of a new book. The only major downside is that used books are often filled with previous owners' notes and markings, making them difficult to read and use properly. On a related note, you can also look for previous editions of used books.In general, these are even cheaper than used, recently released books. Again, though, there's a caveat:older books are far more likely to contain outdated information, particularly if you're planning to take the SAT. With SAT prep books from 2015 and earlier, it's imperative you understand how the SAT’s format has changed before cracking open your book to study. Used prep books are typically available on websites such as Amazon and eBay; you can also search for them at local bookstores and libraries (as we'll discuss more in the following section). Additionally, it might be helpful to ask friends and family members who’ve taken the SAT or ACT whether they have any old prep books you can borrow. In this case, you may be able to snag a book for free! Tip 6: Participate in School-Day Testing (If Available) Some states and districts offer students the chance to take the ACT or SATduring the school day at their schools. (In some states, testing is actually mandatory for all students.) This is called school-day testing, and what's great about it is that this test is usually free for students! But that's not the only benefit. With school-day testing, you'llalso save money by not having to arrange your schedule to make room for a Saturday test day.So if you normally work a part-time job on Saturdays, for example, you won’t need to miss work in order to take the ACT or SAT. Likewise, you won’t need to spend money on public transportation or gas to get you to a testing center. There are a couple of non-monetary advantages as well. First, you don’t need to spend an entire Saturday taking the test. Second, you get to work in a familiar environment and with people you know, which can ultimately increase your confidence on test day. Tip 7: Listen to Your Gut When it comes down to it, you're the only person who truly knows what you'll need to help you prepare efficiently for test day. So always go with your instincts. If you believe a certain resource will be worth the investment, listen to your gut and buy it. Likewise,if you're not sure about a certain prep book's credibility or its likelihood of getting you the score you want, it's probably best to just walk away. What's better than free hugs? Free test prep! Just kidding, it's actually Legos. Definitely Legos. (clement127/Flickr, resized from original) Free ACT SAT Resources That'll Save You Money The easiest way to spend less of your ACT and SAT money is to take advantage offree, high-quality resources.Here are five excellent options for test prep that won't burn a hole in your pocket. Online Guides, Questions, Practice Tests The internet is home to a plethora of free prep materials that can help you hone your test-taking skills as well as strengthen your strategic approaches and content weaknesses on the ACT and SAT.As I mentioned above, the best online resources are, undoubtedly,official SAT/ACT guides, practice tests, and questions. You can accessall official SAT practice testsin our guide.On the College Board website, you can view the entirety ofThe Official SAT Study Guideas a collection of downloadable PDFs; you can alsopractice withan array of sample questions, which include: 24 Reading questions 22 Writing and Language questions 18 Math No Calculator questions 30 Math Calculator questions 2 Essay prompts As for the ACT, we've gatheredall official ACT practice tests here. Like the College Board, ACT, Inc., maintains a ton offree practice questionsonline, including: 75 English questions 60 Math questions 48 Reading questions 40 Science questions 1 Writing prompt Unofficial tests and questions, too, can be helpful.Unfortunately, most free test-prep websites for the ACT and SAT are relatively low quality and lack realistic questions and content, so it's best to stick with official resources whenever possible.That said, if you're craving a bigger collection of questions, our guides tofree online ACT and SATpractice testscan tell you which tests are worth using- and which ones you're better off avoiding. Khan Academy Through a partnership with the College Board, Khan Academy offers thousands of free, official SAT practice questions, complete with in-depth explanations and robust content review. With this website, you can learn about new topics through video lessons, take quizzes, and even import your PSAT/NMSQT scores to tailor your SAT study plan to your weaknesses. You must make an account to save your progress, but it's free and definitely worth it for the gigantic stockpile of SAT-style questions alone. Although Khan Academy doesn’t offer an ACT program or ACT-style questions, you can still use its SAT program and subject-based courses toget a rundown of basic math, reading, and English conceptsfound on the ACT. Get ready 'cause we're about to toot our own horn! #hatersgonnahate PrepScholar Blog If you haven't explored our website already,our PrepScholar SAT/ACT blog offers hundreds of free articles and guides(just like the one you’re reading right now!) you can use to prepare yourself for the SAT or ACT. Our best and most comprehensive resources include the following: SAT The Ultimate Study Guide for SAT Reading: Strategies, Tips, and Practice The Complete Prep Guide for SAT Writing: Grammar, Strategies, and Practice The Ultimate SAT Math Prep Guide: Tips, Formulas, and Practice The Ultimate SAT Essay Study Guide: Tips and Review The 21 SAT Tips and Tricks You Must Use How to Get a Perfect 1600 SAT Score, by a 2400 Expert Full Scorer ACT The Ultimate Study Guide for ACT English: Tips, Rules, Practice, and Strategies The Ultimate ACT Math Prep Guide: Strategies, Topics, and Tips The Ultimate Prep Guide to ACT Reading: Strategies, Tips, and Practice The Ultimate Study Guide for ACT Science: Tips, Practice, and Strategies The Ultimate ACT Writing Study Guide: Tips, Strategies, and Practice 15 ACT Tips and Tricks to Improve Your Score How to Get a Perfect ACT Score, by a 36 Full Scorer We also encourage you to browse our blogby searching for any ACT or SAT keywords or concepts you want to learn more about. Chances are, we’ve got an article about it! SAT and ACT Apps Test-prep apps are excellent resources forsupplementary SAT/ACT practice.And since many highly rated ACT and SAT apps are free (or available as free trial versions), there's no need to worry about paying a hefty sum for a resource you're not sure you'll actually use. Some of the best SAT apps you can download for free include Daily Practice for the New SAT- the College Board's official SAT prep app - and Ready4 SAT, which comes packed with more than 1,000 practice questions. There are also manygreat ACT appsthat won't cost you a cent. These include Ready4 ACT, which contains 1,000+ high-quality practice questions, and Varsity Tutors’ ACT Prep, which offers a combination of practice tests and skill-specific diagnostic tests. Most test-prep apps are available for both iPhone and Android, and you can find more by searching for "SAT" or "ACT" in the iTunes and Google Play stores. As a reminder, apps should never be your primary test-prep resources. Nonetheless, they can be extremely helpful if used appropriately. I strongly recommend using apps for on-the-go practice and as warm-ups before study sessions. Local Library In this digital age, we often forget libraries still exist - but they do, and they likely have a ton of ACT and SAT prep books you can use at no cost to you! If you're planning to take the ACT, I suggest first browsing your library for The Official ACT Prep Guide, as this official guide will be the best resource you can use for official practice questions, quizzes, and content review. (Remember, The Official SAT Study Guide is available for free online, so there's no point in looking for it at your library!) You should also spend time searching forhighly reviewed, unofficialACT and SATprep books. If possible, try to stick with recently published books. For the SAT especially, you'll want to look for newer (2016 and later) prep books, asthe SAT underwent significant changesin early 2016. By contrast, most ACT prep books should still be relevant to today's version of the exam (though the Writing section changed format in 2015). In the end,you can still use older prep books, but it's important to know that not all of their content will apply directly to your upcoming test. If you can't find any quality prep books at your library, ask a librarian whether you can request a specific ACT or SAT prep book to be sent to your library. The final rule of saving money: no matter how delicious it looks, don't eat it. Recap: Spending Less on SAT/ACT Test Prep Many students believe that to do well on the ACT or SAT, you must have access to the best possible test-prep resources available - many of which cost a pretty penny. But in reality, you don’t need to throw all of your money at exhaustive study materials, courses, and tutoring sessions to help you get the score you want on test day. Rather, you just need to knowwhat resources will help you the most and are therefore worth spending your ACT or SAT money on. Here are the main ideas to taking away from this article: Tailor your prep.Knowing your weaknesses is a key step toward saving money. By investing in only the study materials you actually need to do well on the exam, you'll not only save yourself cash but also raise your chance of attaining your goal score. Official is best - and often free. In terms of authenticity, the absolute best resources you can get are those created by the College Board and ACT, Inc. Luckily, both companies offer a variety of free online materials, from individual practice questions to full-length quizzes and tests. Start with free.The two best resources for free official and unofficial test prep are the internet and libraries. So if you’re trying to save money, make sure you exhaust both of these optionsbefore making any purchases. If you do decide to buy something, ... Be smart with your money. Don’t purchase any resources you don't need or that are way over your budget. And if you've found something you like, see whether you can get it used since an older copy will be cheaper than a newer one. As with any major purchases, always go with your gut and only buy what you ultimately feel is worth buying! What’s Next? Looking for more ways to save money?Learn how to get excellent prices on SAT/ACT tutoringand get a rundown of the costs associated with the SAT and ACT. Not sure you can afford to take a college-admission test?See whether you qualify for an SAT or ACT fee waivertoday. Worried about your finances once you start college?Our guide will teach you everything you need to know about saving money as a college student. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Brugel's Wisdom and How It May Have Changed the Destiny of K Essay

Brugel's Wisdom and How It May Have Changed the Destiny of K - Essay Example The wisdom of Brugel seems to be, on the other hand, one that is based on knowing that the whole situation is absurd, and one of seemingly being above all that absurdity, carrying on a somewhat lithe and nonchalant attitude towards all that is happening in The Castle, and in some way towards his own role in the bureaucracy as a kind of petty official, a secretary to a minor official in the Castle, who must himself be subjected to the same kind of whimsical nonsense that seems to pervade the transactions in the Castle. Against the determined somberness and seriousness of K, Brugel seems to take a counterpoint attitude of frivolity, lightness of attitude, and a somewhat carefree regard for the duties of the Castle, its effects on the secretary's life, and the role that he must fulfill within that bureaucracy in order to survive. In other words, where wisdom resides in Brugel is in that very attitude of not taking anything in the Castle, and not even taking himself or his boss, or his r ole in the castle, so seriously. Brugel seems to say, for one, that life is not all that serious, that in fact the seriousness is an outward expression of a person who is so taken up by his own efforts to understand something where there is nothing to understand, which seems to be the fate and the attitude that K has taken on for himself, so gloomy in contrast to the light attitude of Brugel. This wisdom of Brugel, if it did not change the fate of K, certainly at least must have changed somewhat K's perception of the Castle, and how he sees himself and his destiny in the context of an overly gloomy conception of life with the bureaucracy (Kafka). Discussion In the face of the difficulties faced by K with the bureaucracy, for one, with getting a job that suits his function as a surveyor of the land, Brugel's attitude is one of carefree nonchalance, detachment, and a sense that anything can be had and done without any serious effort whatsoever on the part of anyone dealing with the bu reaucracy. Brugel was an insider, for sure, but also he was a mere secretary, and one, moreover, who spends a lot of his time not inside that bureaucratic machinery, working with papers and dealing with functionaries, but one who goes out to the castle to liaise between the people of the village and Brugel's boss. There is the exchange in the novel that highlights this, where Brugel expressed his condolences to K when K said that he is unable to work as a surveyor of the land, when Brugel, out of a sense of kindness maybe, or out of a sense of courtesy, or just wanting to get the small talk going, asked him how he was doing in terms of work. Brugel's attitude here is one of lightness, of conveying somewhat that the secretary was most sympathetic to K's plight, but that meanwhile there was really nothing to worry about. K, to Brugel, must have looked like someone who is gloomy for no reason. Why, there is no need to fret about that little detail about the surveying job, all it takes is for Brugel to look at it, no problem! This is at least how Brugel seems to see the situation. It was somewhat of a startling point to K, upon seeing and hearing Brugel talk and act this way, that here was an official who did not seem to know the difficulties that went to K's landing in the place and being given the run around with

Issues, Challenges and Strategies in Successful Implementation of an Essay

Issues, Challenges and Strategies in Successful Implementation of an HRIS Project - Essay Example This article presents a critical analysis of the need for HRIS, features required in HRIS, design & acquisition issues, cost benefits, implementation issues and acceptance issues. Gardner and Lepak et al. (2003) presented that the new role of HR professionals is more of "strategic partners to the business" whereby they are expected to understand the business objectives of the organization and align the HR practices with the business goals defined to fulfil the objectives. Hence the business objectives expand into the HR objectives & related goals that are essentially defined to enhance employee contribution by providing them essential guidance, resources & support and to manage essential transformations & changes required in maintaining the fundamental culture of the organization. The authors argue that IT systems act as the catalyst for human resources professionals in achieving HR goals. Enterprise Resource Planning systems integrate various functional (departmental) information systems across the company such that the information from all departments can be integrated and organized for unified MIS reporting to the senior management enabling them to take quick & effective decisions (Gupta & Kohli. 2006). Human Resources is one of the key departments of an organization and hence HRIS need to be an integral part of ERP. The key result areas for all employees are defined by their respective functional managers but closely monitored by the HR function by virtue of key performance indicators. Kaplan and Norton (1996) developed the balanced scorecard system that helps organizations to design & implement a performance measurement system in such a way that individual performance measures can be tangibly mapped with organizational performance. The author hereby argues that such an integrated framework requires the performance management system to be an integral part of the E RP such that performance appraisal cycles can be carried out by respective supervisors of the employees but human resources function can closely monitor the KPI metrics and map with other soft aspects of the individual in terms of punctuality, knowledge & skill enhancement, trainings, additional certifications achieved, etc. The integrated information of functional KPIs and soft aspects can help the HR function to assess the overall performance of the employees and identify employee development needs as well as take decisions on promotions, increments, rewards & recognitions. 3.0 Requirement Analysis for an

Mathematics of the Human Eye :: Math Vision

The Human Eye: Just what exactly goes on in our eye to produce images? Why can't some people see as well as others? Well my friend, look no further... the answers to your 2 most burning questions are about to come! First of all, what happens when we see images? Our eye acts as a simple model of a lens system. The average adult eye is about 25 mm in diameter. As light enters our eye, it is refracted first through the cornea which does about 80% of the refracting. The crystalline lens which is located after the aqueous humour (just under the cornea) approximately contributes the rest. Muscles around the crystyalline lens will contract or expand to adjust to the light rays entering so as to focus them onto the retina, just located at the back of the eye (assuming paraxial light rays). This adjusting process is called accomodation. For people who have no vision problems, all the light rays are focussed onto the retina as it should. Let's call this distance, from where the light enters at the crystalline lens to the retina as f (focal point). For people who don't have 20/20 vision, the light rays entering do not land on the fovea (majority of light rays strike at on the focal plane). People who can see close up objects but not far-sighted images, they're near-sighted. Why can't they see clearly? Well, the light rays that enter their eye is refracted too much and the focal point is located before the retina. Whereas, people who cannot see far away but can see close up objects, are far-sighted. This usually occurs in older people because the crystalline lens grows "stiffer", thus impeding it's ability to accomdate so there is less refraction and the focal point is located behind the retina. To correct both these common vision problems, glasses and contacts redirect the rays so that they may land on the retina. Nearsighted people need a lens system that will diverge the rays so that as it enters the cornea, it will refract light rays onto the fovea. Farsighted people need a lens system that will converge the rays so that as it enters the cornea, it will refract light rays onto the fovea. Astigmatism is also another common vision problem in people these days. When the cornea is irregularly shaped, ie. its' surface is not uniform due to greater thicknesses in certain parts of the cornea, light rays from objects refract all at different rates. Mathematics of the Human Eye :: Math Vision The Human Eye: Just what exactly goes on in our eye to produce images? Why can't some people see as well as others? Well my friend, look no further... the answers to your 2 most burning questions are about to come! First of all, what happens when we see images? Our eye acts as a simple model of a lens system. The average adult eye is about 25 mm in diameter. As light enters our eye, it is refracted first through the cornea which does about 80% of the refracting. The crystalline lens which is located after the aqueous humour (just under the cornea) approximately contributes the rest. Muscles around the crystyalline lens will contract or expand to adjust to the light rays entering so as to focus them onto the retina, just located at the back of the eye (assuming paraxial light rays). This adjusting process is called accomodation. For people who have no vision problems, all the light rays are focussed onto the retina as it should. Let's call this distance, from where the light enters at the crystalline lens to the retina as f (focal point). For people who don't have 20/20 vision, the light rays entering do not land on the fovea (majority of light rays strike at on the focal plane). People who can see close up objects but not far-sighted images, they're near-sighted. Why can't they see clearly? Well, the light rays that enter their eye is refracted too much and the focal point is located before the retina. Whereas, people who cannot see far away but can see close up objects, are far-sighted. This usually occurs in older people because the crystalline lens grows "stiffer", thus impeding it's ability to accomdate so there is less refraction and the focal point is located behind the retina. To correct both these common vision problems, glasses and contacts redirect the rays so that they may land on the retina. Nearsighted people need a lens system that will diverge the rays so that as it enters the cornea, it will refract light rays onto the fovea. Farsighted people need a lens system that will converge the rays so that as it enters the cornea, it will refract light rays onto the fovea. Astigmatism is also another common vision problem in people these days. When the cornea is irregularly shaped, ie. its' surface is not uniform due to greater thicknesses in certain parts of the cornea, light rays from objects refract all at different rates.

Surah Khaf

surah khaf 18:1 to top Sahih International [All] praise is [due] to Allah , who has sent down upon His Servant the Book and has not made therein any deviance. 18:2 to top Sahih International [He has made it] straight, to warn of severe punishment from Him and to give good tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a good reward 18:3 to top Sahih International In which they will remain forever 18:4 to top Sahih International And to warn those who say, † Allah has taken a son. 18:5 to top Sahih International They have no knowledge of it, nor had their fathers. Grave is the word that comes out of their mouths; they speak not except a lie. 18:6 to top Sahih International Then perhaps you would kill yourself through grief over them, [O Muhammad], if they do not believe in this message, [and] out of sorrow. 18:7 to top Sahih International Indeed, We have made that which is on the earth adornment for it that We may test them [as to] which of them is best in de ed. 8:8 to top Sahih International And indeed, We will make that which is upon it [into] a barren ground. 18:9 to top Sahih International Or have you thought that the companions of the cave and the inscription were, among Our signs, a wonder? 18:10 to top Sahih International [Mention] when the youths retreated to the cave and said, â€Å"Our Lord, grant us from Yourself mercy and prepare for us from our affair right guidance. â€Å"

Understanding And Understanding Of Physical, Social And...

Standard 1: Know students and how they learn As every individual is unique, getting to understand the students’ characteristics, knowledge and cultural background are essential requirements for encouraging their development and learning (Arthur, Beecher, Death, Dockett Farmer, 2012). In order to achieve the above requirements, a strong and positive relationship with students is the effective way for teachers to build up a holistic picture of a student (Groundwater-Smith, Ewing Le Cornu, 2015a; Nixon Gould, 2005). The various recorded interactions and observations between teachers and students made during the professional experience, have helped me to understand how students learn and have strengthened my ability to plan and implement lessons (Arthur et al., 2012). 1.1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of physical, social and intellectual development and characteristics of student There are many factors that influence students’ participation in learning. Some examples of these factors include the learning atmosphere of the school, teaching strategies and the student’s capabilities (Groundwater-Smith, et al., 2015b; Nixon Gould, 2005). In order for students to complete different tasks during lessons, it is important that teachers present clear and concise instructions. According to Porter (2014a), by providing clear instructions and high quality examples, teachers may help to increase a student’s academic performance. In addition, by removing classroomShow MoreRelatedEssay on Understanding Persons with Intellectual Disabilities1518 Words   |  7 Pages It is important to understand the terms that are associated with intellectual disabilities. The first term is disability. Disability is an individual performing which includes physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual mental illness impairments, and various types of chronic diseases. The next term involves intelligence. This term is the ability to think logically, reason out problems, prepare, understand difficult ideas, examine intellectually, and the ability to determine quickly and or acquireRead MoreReflection: Kids Are Different Today1458 Words   |  6 Pagesretaining many of the characteristics ascribed to them generations ago by theorists such as Piaget, Erikson, and Kohlberg, are different† (Coyl, 2009, p.404). Diana D. Coyle discusses how physical development, media and technology, self-understanding, and emotional competence impact students and make them different from previous generations; even differentiating by just a few years. According to Coyl (2009), â€Å"Culture, personal experiences, and relationships affect children’s development as children’s developmentRead MoreProvides Us With A Way To Learn Cause And Effect Relations1488 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of development. With these basic elements of cognitive learning established Piaget then began to establish his four stages of cognitive development. The first being the sensory – motor stage. This stage is considered to extend from birth to approximately age two. During this stage senses, reflexes, and motor abilities develop rapidly. During the early stages, infants are only aware of what is immediately in front of them. They focus on what they see, what they are doing, and physical interactionsRead MoreNeeds of Diverse Students1384 Words   |  6 PagesEducating Special Needs Students Identifying and providing for special needs children is essential to special education. Once a child has been diagnosis with a disability or multiple disabilities, a plan of care is initiated according to the severity of their condition and their needs. This plan is individualized; one child’s diagnosis is not a reflection of the wide range conditions that affect many children. Intellectual disabilities can be mild to profound, can be caused by different factorsRead MoreIntro to Intellecutal Disability1110 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Kimberly Fox Grand Canyon University: SPE-351 May 23, 2013 Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) When learning about Intellectual Disability (ID) it is important to explore the subject with people that work with students of ID. The (SPED) special education team placed together for a student in order to determine the students individual education plan (IEP). This SPED team consist of: SpecialRead MoreReport Intellectual Child Development for Children Age 9 to 11 Early Adolescence1685 Words   |  7 PagesReport Intellectual Child development of Children age 9 to 11 Early adolescence or â€Å"Are you smarter than 10 years old?† [pic] Mariela Zlateva Contents 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Intellectual characteristics of children age 9-11 4. Observation 5. Conclusion 6. References 7. Glossary Read MoreSupport Diversity Within The School1679 Words   |  7 Pagesan inclusive, supportive and engaging environment for all students, staff and caregivers. It strives to build a community that values, celebrates and responds to diversity (Brisbane Catholic Education, 2015). Catholic schools cater for students who have a diverse range of personal characteristics and experiences. These characteristics and experience include various physical, religious, cultural, personal health or wellbeing, intellectual, psychological, socio-economic or life experiences (QueenslandRead MoreMiddle School Are Essential For The Success Of Students971 Words   |  4 Pagesreason for this I believe is that for ALL students the middle school years are the most influential to shaping and becoming who a person is and who they wish to become. Middle schools are essential for the success of students because of the unique developmental stages of these students. For teachers, comprehension of young adolescent development is key to understanding the physical, emotional, intellectual, social and moral needs and interests of these students (Powell, 2015, p. 55) and also teachersRead MoreHuman Development : A Life Span View By Kail And Cavanaugh1744 Words   |  7 Pagesexplores two published articles that report on results from research conducted on social functioning of children with cerebral palsy, and a study of available techniques to improve cognitive function in cerebral palsy patients. This paper also refers to the published book, Human Development: A Life Span View by Kail and Cavanaugh (2016). This paper will examine the results of the differences in social and cognitive development of individuals with cerebral palsy and those without cerebral palsy. CunninghamRead More Special Education Essay1616 Words   |  7 PagesEducation Act (IDEA), schools are required to serve all students regardless of their disability in a least restrictive environment. Due to increas e in the number of students being identified and placed in general education classrooms, educators can expect to serve students with disabilities. It is important to understand the different types of disabilities, the characteristics of these disabilities, and causes; in order to ensure the success of students. This paper will define severe disabilities, mental

Understanding And Understanding Of Physical, Social And...

Standard 1: Know students and how they learn As every individual is unique, getting to understand the students’ characteristics, knowledge and cultural background are essential requirements for encouraging their development and learning (Arthur, Beecher, Death, Dockett Farmer, 2012). In order to achieve the above requirements, a strong and positive relationship with students is the effective way for teachers to build up a holistic picture of a student (Groundwater-Smith, Ewing Le Cornu, 2015a; Nixon Gould, 2005). The various recorded interactions and observations between teachers and students made during the professional experience, have helped me to understand how students learn and have strengthened my ability to plan and implement lessons (Arthur et al., 2012). 1.1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of physical, social and intellectual development and characteristics of student There are many factors that influence students’ participation in learning. Some examples of these factors include the learning atmosphere of the school, teaching strategies and the student’s capabilities (Groundwater-Smith, et al., 2015b; Nixon Gould, 2005). In order for students to complete different tasks during lessons, it is important that teachers present clear and concise instructions. According to Porter (2014a), by providing clear instructions and high quality examples, teachers may help to increase a student’s academic performance. In addition, by removing classroomShow MoreRelatedEssay on Understanding Persons with Intellectual Disabilities1518 Words   |  7 Pages It is important to understand the terms that are associated with intellectual disabilities. The first term is disability. Disability is an individual performing which includes physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual mental illness impairments, and various types of chronic diseases. The next term involves intelligence. This term is the ability to think logically, reason out problems, prepare, understand difficult ideas, examine intellectually, and the ability to determine quickly and or acquireRead MoreReflection: Kids Are Different Today1458 Words   |  6 Pagesretaining many of the characteristics ascribed to them generations ago by theorists such as Piaget, Erikson, and Kohlberg, are different† (Coyl, 2009, p.404). Diana D. Coyle discusses how physical development, media and technology, self-understanding, and emotional competence impact students and make them different from previous generations; even differentiating by just a few years. According to Coyl (2009), â€Å"Culture, personal experiences, and relationships affect children’s development as children’s developmentRead MoreProvides Us With A Way To Learn Cause And Effect Relations1488 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of development. With these basic elements of cognitive learning established Piaget then began to establish his four stages of cognitive development. The first being the sensory – motor stage. This stage is considered to extend from birth to approximately age two. During this stage senses, reflexes, and motor abilities develop rapidly. During the early stages, infants are only aware of what is immediately in front of them. They focus on what they see, what they are doing, and physical interactionsRead MoreNeeds of Diverse Students1384 Words   |  6 PagesEducating Special Needs Students Identifying and providing for special needs children is essential to special education. Once a child has been diagnosis with a disability or multiple disabilities, a plan of care is initiated according to the severity of their condition and their needs. This plan is individualized; one child’s diagnosis is not a reflection of the wide range conditions that affect many children. Intellectual disabilities can be mild to profound, can be caused by different factorsRead MoreIntro to Intellecutal Disability1110 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Kimberly Fox Grand Canyon University: SPE-351 May 23, 2013 Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) When learning about Intellectual Disability (ID) it is important to explore the subject with people that work with students of ID. The (SPED) special education team placed together for a student in order to determine the students individual education plan (IEP). This SPED team consist of: SpecialRead MoreReport Intellectual Child Development for Children Age 9 to 11 Early Adolescence1685 Words   |  7 PagesReport Intellectual Child development of Children age 9 to 11 Early adolescence or â€Å"Are you smarter than 10 years old?† [pic] Mariela Zlateva Contents 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Intellectual characteristics of children age 9-11 4. Observation 5. Conclusion 6. References 7. Glossary Read MoreSupport Diversity Within The School1679 Words   |  7 Pagesan inclusive, supportive and engaging environment for all students, staff and caregivers. It strives to build a community that values, celebrates and responds to diversity (Brisbane Catholic Education, 2015). Catholic schools cater for students who have a diverse range of personal characteristics and experiences. These characteristics and experience include various physical, religious, cultural, personal health or wellbeing, intellectual, psychological, socio-economic or life experiences (QueenslandRead MoreMiddle School Are Essential For The Success Of Students971 Words   |  4 Pagesreason for this I believe is that for ALL students the middle school years are the most influential to shaping and becoming who a person is and who they wish to become. Middle schools are essential for the success of students because of the unique developmental stages of these students. For teachers, comprehension of young adolescent development is key to understanding the physical, emotional, intellectual, social and moral needs and interests of these students (Powell, 2015, p. 55) and also teachersRead MoreHuman Development : A Life Span View By Kail And Cavanaugh1744 Words   |  7 Pagesexplores two published articles that report on results from research conducted on social functioning of children with cerebral palsy, and a study of available techniques to improve cognitive function in cerebral palsy patients. This paper also refers to the published book, Human Development: A Life Span View by Kail and Cavanaugh (2016). This paper will examine the results of the differences in social and cognitive development of individuals with cerebral palsy and those without cerebral palsy. CunninghamRead More Special Education Essay1616 Words   |  7 PagesEducation Act (IDEA), schools are required to serve all students regardless of their disability in a least restrictive environment. Due to increas e in the number of students being identified and placed in general education classrooms, educators can expect to serve students with disabilities. It is important to understand the different types of disabilities, the characteristics of these disabilities, and causes; in order to ensure the success of students. This paper will define severe disabilities, mental

Understanding And Understanding Of Physical, Social And...

Standard 1: Know students and how they learn As every individual is unique, getting to understand the students’ characteristics, knowledge and cultural background are essential requirements for encouraging their development and learning (Arthur, Beecher, Death, Dockett Farmer, 2012). In order to achieve the above requirements, a strong and positive relationship with students is the effective way for teachers to build up a holistic picture of a student (Groundwater-Smith, Ewing Le Cornu, 2015a; Nixon Gould, 2005). The various recorded interactions and observations between teachers and students made during the professional experience, have helped me to understand how students learn and have strengthened my ability to plan and implement lessons (Arthur et al., 2012). 1.1 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of physical, social and intellectual development and characteristics of student There are many factors that influence students’ participation in learning. Some examples of these factors include the learning atmosphere of the school, teaching strategies and the student’s capabilities (Groundwater-Smith, et al., 2015b; Nixon Gould, 2005). In order for students to complete different tasks during lessons, it is important that teachers present clear and concise instructions. According to Porter (2014a), by providing clear instructions and high quality examples, teachers may help to increase a student’s academic performance. In addition, by removing classroomShow MoreRelatedEssay on Understanding Persons with Intellectual Disabilities1518 Words   |  7 Pages It is important to understand the terms that are associated with intellectual disabilities. The first term is disability. Disability is an individual performing which includes physical, sensory, cognitive, intellectual mental illness impairments, and various types of chronic diseases. The next term involves intelligence. This term is the ability to think logically, reason out problems, prepare, understand difficult ideas, examine intellectually, and the ability to determine quickly and or acquireRead MoreReflection: Kids Are Different Today1458 Words   |  6 Pagesretaining many of the characteristics ascribed to them generations ago by theorists such as Piaget, Erikson, and Kohlberg, are different† (Coyl, 2009, p.404). Diana D. Coyle discusses how physical development, media and technology, self-understanding, and emotional competence impact students and make them different from previous generations; even differentiating by just a few years. According to Coyl (2009), â€Å"Culture, personal experiences, and relationships affect children’s development as children’s developmentRead MoreProvides Us With A Way To Learn Cause And Effect Relations1488 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of development. With these basic elements of cognitive learning established Piaget then began to establish his four stages of cognitive development. The first being the sensory – motor stage. This stage is considered to extend from birth to approximately age two. During this stage senses, reflexes, and motor abilities develop rapidly. During the early stages, infants are only aware of what is immediately in front of them. They focus on what they see, what they are doing, and physical interactionsRead MoreNeeds of Diverse Students1384 Words   |  6 PagesEducating Special Needs Students Identifying and providing for special needs children is essential to special education. Once a child has been diagnosis with a disability or multiple disabilities, a plan of care is initiated according to the severity of their condition and their needs. This plan is individualized; one child’s diagnosis is not a reflection of the wide range conditions that affect many children. Intellectual disabilities can be mild to profound, can be caused by different factorsRead MoreIntro to Intellecutal Disability1110 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) Kimberly Fox Grand Canyon University: SPE-351 May 23, 2013 Introduction to Intellectual Disability (ID) When learning about Intellectual Disability (ID) it is important to explore the subject with people that work with students of ID. The (SPED) special education team placed together for a student in order to determine the students individual education plan (IEP). This SPED team consist of: SpecialRead MoreReport Intellectual Child Development for Children Age 9 to 11 Early Adolescence1685 Words   |  7 PagesReport Intellectual Child development of Children age 9 to 11 Early adolescence or â€Å"Are you smarter than 10 years old?† [pic] Mariela Zlateva Contents 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Intellectual characteristics of children age 9-11 4. Observation 5. Conclusion 6. References 7. Glossary Read MoreSupport Diversity Within The School1679 Words   |  7 Pagesan inclusive, supportive and engaging environment for all students, staff and caregivers. It strives to build a community that values, celebrates and responds to diversity (Brisbane Catholic Education, 2015). Catholic schools cater for students who have a diverse range of personal characteristics and experiences. These characteristics and experience include various physical, religious, cultural, personal health or wellbeing, intellectual, psychological, socio-economic or life experiences (QueenslandRead MoreMiddle School Are Essential For The Success Of Students971 Words   |  4 Pagesreason for this I believe is that for ALL students the middle school years are the most influential to shaping and becoming who a person is and who they wish to become. Middle schools are essential for the success of students because of the unique developmental stages of these students. For teachers, comprehension of young adolescent development is key to understanding the physical, emotional, intellectual, social and moral needs and interests of these students (Powell, 2015, p. 55) and also teachersRead MoreHuman Development : A Life Span View By Kail And Cavanaugh1744 Words   |  7 Pagesexplores two published articles that report on results from research conducted on social functioning of children with cerebral palsy, and a study of available techniques to improve cognitive function in cerebral palsy patients. This paper also refers to the published book, Human Development: A Life Span View by Kail and Cavanaugh (2016). This paper will examine the results of the differences in social and cognitive development of individuals with cerebral palsy and those without cerebral palsy. CunninghamRead More Special Education Essay1616 Words   |  7 PagesEducation Act (IDEA), schools are required to serve all students regardless of their disability in a least restrictive environment. Due to increas e in the number of students being identified and placed in general education classrooms, educators can expect to serve students with disabilities. It is important to understand the different types of disabilities, the characteristics of these disabilities, and causes; in order to ensure the success of students. This paper will define severe disabilities, mental